Table 3.  Associations between retinal vessel calibers and various indices of the prevalence of obesity in the Funagata study population by sex.

Indices of obesity	n	Affected (%)	Odds ratio (95% confidence interval)
			Crude	P‐value	Age adjusted	P‐value	Multivariable‐adjusted*
Per 1 SD decrease in central retinal artery equivalent
Male
Obesity (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2)	388	134 (34.5)	0.93 (0.75–1.16)		0.96 (0.77–1.20)		1.06 (0.78–1.44)
Overweight and obesity (BMI ≥ 23 kg/m2)	388	231 (59.5)	0.96 (0.78–1.18)		0.98 (0.79–1.21)		1.02 (0.75–1.38)
Female
Obesity (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2)	512	182 (35.5)	1.03 (0.86–1.23)		0.96 (0.80–1.15)		1.04 (0.81–1.32)
Overweight and obesity (BMI ≥ 23 kg/m2)	512	287 (56.1)	0.89 (0.75–1.06)		0.84 (0.70–0.99)	0.048	0.86 (0.67–1.09)
Per 1 SD increase of central retinal vein equivalent
Male
Obesity (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2)	388	134 (34.5)	1.16 (0.93–1.45)		1.13 (0.90–1.41)		1.07 (0.78–1.48)
Overweight and obesity (BMI ≥ 23 kg/m2)	388	231 (59.5)	1.10 (0.89–1.37)		1.08 (0.87–1.34)		1.04 (0.77–1.41)
Female
Obesity (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2)	512	182 (35.5)	1.15 (0.96–1.37)		1.21 (1.01–1.46)	0.04	1.24 (0.98–1.58)
Overweight and obesity (BMI ≥ 23 kg/m2)	512	287 (56.1)	1.29 (1.09–1.54)	0.003	1.35 (1.13–1.62)	0.001	1.26 (0.99–1.59)

BMI, body mass index. *Multivariable‐adjusted model: adjusted for age, sex, smoking status, mean arterial blood pressure, total plasma cholesterol, triglycerides and fasting plasma glucose.