TABLE 1.

Molecular targets to limit pathological fibroproliferation

Therapeutic class	Mechanism	Molecules/pathways
Tyrosine kinase inhibitors	Inhibit receptor signalling	TGF-β, PDGF, VEGF, FGF, angiopoietin
Src kinase inhibitors	Inhibit profibrotic signalling downstream of receptors	TGF-β, PDGF
Histone deacetylase inhibitors	Prevent nuclear translocation and DNA binding of Smads	TGF-β, PDGF
Monoclonal antibodies/blocking peptides	Directly bind to growth factors or block receptor ligation binding	TGF-β, PDGF, IGF-1, FGF, angiopoietin
Activating peptides	Inhibit synthesis of matrix proteins	Relaxins, endostatin

TGF: transforming growth factor; PDGF: platelet-derived growth factor; VEGF: vascular endothelial growth factor; FGF: fibroblast growth factor; IGF: insulin-like growth factor.