TABLE II. Comparison of haematological profiles of control group and patients infected by Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum on acute and convalescent phase of infection.
| P. vivax | P. falciparum | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| |||||
| Acute phase | Convalescent phase | Acute phase | Convalescent phase | Control | |
| (n = 47) | (n = 40) | (n = 24) | (n = 15) | (n = 12) | |
| Erythrogram | |||||
| RBC (x106/µL) | 4.6 (4.3-5.1) | 4.3 (4-4.7) | 4.9 (4.5-5.4) | 4.9 (4.7-5.3) | 4.6 (4.2-5) |
| Haematocrit (%) | 41 (38-45) | 39 (35.5-42) | 44 (39-45) | 39 (38-43) | 39 (38-43) |
| Haemoglobin (g/dL) | 14 (12.5-15.5) | 12.6 (11.7-13.9) | 14.5 (13.9-15.2) | 13.8 (11.9-14) | 13.8 (13-15) |
| Reticulocyte (%) | 0.5 (0.3-0.8) | 0.3 (0.25-0.5) | 0.35 (0.27-0.45) | 0.4 (0.3-0.55) | 0.35 (0.25-0.50) |
| Platelet (x103/µL) | 156 (105-182)a,b | 277 (234.5-342.5) | 135 (96.25-135)a,b | 261 (195-365) | 275 (231-315) |
| Leucogram (/µL) | |||||
| WBC | 5,100 (4,000-6,600) | 5,550 (5,125-7,000) | 4,650 (3,825-6,375) | 5,900 (5,000-7,300) | 6,400 (5,650-7,550) |
| Lymphocyte | 1,020 (780-1,406)a,b | 2,062 (1,625-2,389) | 1,038 (571.5-1,536)a,b | 2,000 (1,770-2,920) | 2,250 (1,872-2,570) |
| Basophil | 0 (0-0) | 0 (0-0) | 0 (0-0) | 0 (0-0) | 0 (0-0) |
| Eosinophil | 67 (33-168)b,c | 288.5 (162.8-418.5) | 82 (34-255) | 288 (108-629) | 153 (82.5-265.5) |
| Band cell | 63 (0-282)d | 0 (0-0) | 118 (36-369.5)d | 0 (0-0) | 0 (0-0) |
| Neutrophil | 3,468 (2,240-4,480) | 3,048 (2,377-3,558) | 3,432 (2,060-4,212) | 2,911 (2,031-3,650) | 3,830 (3,075-4,654) |
| Monocyte | 360 (214.5-470.5) | 360 (214.5-470.5) | 350.5 (215-527.3) | 292 (216-426) | 351.5 (250.5-547.5) |
a: p < 0.001 between indicated infected group and control; b: p < 0.0001 between acute and convalescent phase of indicated group; c: p < 0.05 between indicated infected group and control; d: p < 0.01 between indicated infected group and control. The values indicate median (interquartile range). Comparison between control group and patients infected by P. vivax and infected by P. falciparum were evaluated by Bonferroni’s multiple comparison test. When the test indicated a significant difference (p < 0.05) between groups pairwise, Mann-Whitney U test were used. To assess the significant differences in haematological parameters between acute and convalescent phase from the same patient, non parametric paired t tests were used. No statistical differences were observed between P. vivax and P. falciparum-infected patients on acute or convalescent phase. Acute phase: day of diagnosis; convalescent phase: 15 days after diagnosis; RBC: red blood cell; WBC: white blood cell.