Table 3.
Prevalence of risk factors in HTN population
|
Characteristic |
Result |
HTN-Yes |
HTN-No |
p-value |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |
|
N = 2578 |
N = 3351 |
|
||
| n | % | n | % | |||
|
Age |
< 40 years |
515 |
20 |
1701 |
50.8 |
|
| |
≥ 40 years |
2063 |
80 |
1650 |
49.2 |
<0.0001 |
|
Gender |
Female |
1095 |
42.5 |
1572 |
46.9 |
|
| |
Male |
1482 |
57.5 |
1779 |
53.1 |
0.0007 |
|
Education |
≤ 8th grade |
1011 |
39.2 |
1540 |
46.0 |
|
| |
9th to some college |
837 |
32.5 |
1069 |
31.9 |
|
| |
College grad/Post grad |
715 |
27.7 |
724 |
21.6 |
0.0007 |
|
Occupation |
Manual labor* |
391 |
15.2 |
899 |
26.8 |
|
| |
Own business/salaried |
867 |
33.6 |
1128 |
33.7 |
|
| |
Student |
18 |
0.7 |
122 |
3.6 |
|
| |
Sedentary** |
1275 |
49.5 |
1171 |
34.9 |
0.0007 |
|
Income |
≤ 125 $/month |
1477 |
57.3 |
2295 |
68.5 |
|
| |
> 125 $/month |
980 |
38.0 |
939 |
28.0 |
<0.0001 |
|
Urabn |
|
1502 |
58.3 |
1535 |
45.8 |
|
|
Rural |
|
1076 |
41.7 |
1815 |
54.2 |
<0.0001 |
|
Obesity status: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Body mass index✝ |
< 23 Kg/M 2 |
789 |
30.6 |
1904 |
56.8 |
|
| |
≥ 23 Kg/M 2 |
1772 |
68.7 |
1436 |
42.9 |
<0.0001 |
|
Body mass index✝✝ |
< 27 Kg/M 2 |
1709 |
66.3 |
2804 |
83.7 |
|
| |
≥ 27 Kg/M 2 |
852 |
33.0 |
536 |
16.0 |
<0.0001 |
|
Body mass index✝✝✝ |
< 30 Kg/M 2 |
2100 |
81.5 |
3090 |
92.2 |
|
| |
≥ 30 Kg/M 2 |
461 |
17.9 |
250 |
7.5 |
<0.0001 |
|
Abdominal |
No |
965 |
37.4 |
2149 |
64.1 |
|
|
Obesity⊙ |
Yes |
1461 |
56.7 |
1087 |
32.4 |
<0.0001 |
|
Current Smoker or tobacco chewer |
No |
1875 |
72.7 |
2418 |
72.2 |
|
| Yes |
516 |
20.0 |
765 |
22.8 |
0.0312 |
|
|
Current Smoker & tobacco chewer |
No |
2322 |
90.1 |
3054 |
91.1 |
|
| Yes |
45 |
1.7 |
94 |
2.8 |
0.0117 |
|
|
Self reported DM |
No |
1892 |
73.4 |
2905 |
86.7 |
|
| |
Yes |
570 |
22.1 |
263 |
7.8 |
<0.0001 |
|
Diabetes mellitus♦ |
No |
1801 |
69.9 |
2862 |
85.4 |
|
| |
Yes |
672 |
26.1 |
343 |
10.2 |
<0.0001 |
|
Family H/o HTN |
No |
1967 |
76.3 |
2697 |
80.5 |
|
| |
Yes |
607 |
23.5 |
647 |
19.3 |
<0.0001 |
|
Urine-protein |
Absent/trace |
2045 |
79.3 |
2981 |
89.0 |
|
| |
> = 1+ |
489 |
19.0 |
310 |
9.3 |
<0.0001 |
|
CKD♦ ♦ |
No |
1801 |
69.9 |
2814 |
84.0 |
|
| |
Yes |
606 |
23.5 |
358 |
10.7 |
<0.0001 |
|
Center type |
Urban |
1355 |
52.6 |
1284 |
38.3 |
|
| |
Rural |
974 |
37.8 |
1618 |
48.3 |
|
| Mixed population | 249 | 9.7 | 449 | 13.4 | 0.0051 | |
P value < 0.05 is significant.
* - includes categories of occupation – agriculture workers, laborers, cowherds.
** - includes, homemakers (housewives), retired, unemployed and others.
✝ - Body Mass Index - ≥ 23 Kg/M2 includes overweight and obese as per Asian cutoff.
✝✝ - Obese as per Asian cutoff.
✝✝✝ - Obese as per conventional cutoff.
⊙ - Waist circumference ≥ 90 cms in males or ≥ 80 cms in females.
♦ - Diabetes Mellitus (DM) = Fasting blood sugar ≥ 126 or non-fasting blood sugar ≥ 200 or if self reported D.M or on anti diabetic medication.
♦ ♦ - MDRD-GFR < 60 ml/min/1.73 m2 or proteinuria ≥ 1+ on dipstick.