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. 2014 Jan 8;14(Suppl 1):S4. doi: 10.1186/1471-2334-14-S1-S4

Table 2.

Clinical manifestations of tuberculosis in children [53-72]

Area involved Clinical presentation
More common

Lungs and airways Pneumonia, cavitary lesions, wheezing, laryngeal involvement

Lymph nodes Enlargement of mediastinal, cervical, submandibular, supraclavicular, preauricular, submental and abdominal lymph nodes

Central nervous system Meningitis, tuberculoma

Bones and skeletal muscles Pott’s disease, arthritis, cystic of bone, abscess of skeletal muscles

Less common

Abdomen Pneumatosis intestinalis, peritonitis, liver and splenic abscess, enterolithiasis, intestinal perforation

Genitourinary tract Scrotum inflammation, hydrocele, calyceal destruction, ureteral strictures, small-capacity bladder, hydronephrosis, kidney calcification

Heart and vessels Intracardiac tuberculoma, pseudoaneurysms

Oral cavity Enlargement of the tonsils, rethropharyngeal abscess, granulomatous cheilitis

Eyes Uveitis, episcleritis, optic neuritis, orbital tuberculoma

Skin Scrofuloderma lesions, lupus vulgaris, tuberculosis verrucosa cutis