Table 2. Incidence rate and adjusted hazard ratio for type 2 diabetes during the 7‐year follow up according to family history of diabetes in 3,517 Japanese men and women.

	No family history	Family history	Father only	Mother only	Sibling only	≥2 family members
n	2,887	630	299	181	75	75
Cases	166	62	20	25	8	9
Person‐years of follow up	16,465	3,631	1,765	1,027	402	437
Incidence rate (/1,000 person‐years)	10.1	17.1	11.3	24.3	19.9	20.6
Hazard ratio (95% CI)
Model 1	1 (reference)	1.82 (1.36–2.43)	1.26 (0.79–2.01)	2.60 (1.71–3.97)	1.76 (0.86–3.58)	1.98 (1.01–3.87)
Model 2	1 (reference)	1.81 (1.36–2.43)	1.21 (0.76–1.93)	2.75 (1.80–4.19)	1.91 (0.94–3.90)	1.85 (0.95–3.62)
Model 3	1 (reference)	1.78 (1.32–2.37)	1.21 (0.76–1.93)	2.56 (1.67–3.92)	2.06 (1.01–4.20)	1.95 (0.99–3.82)
Model 4	1 (reference)	1.78 (1.33–2.38)	1.21 (0.76–1.93)	2.56 (1.67–3.92)	2.05 (1.00–4.18)	1.95 (0.99–3.81)
Model 5	1 (reference)	1.84 (1.36–2.47)	1.29 (0.80–2.08)	2.56 (1.67–3.92)	1.95 (0.95–4.00)	1.98 (1.01–3.91)

CI, confidence interval;

Model 1, adjusted for age and sex;

Model 2, adjusted for age, sex and body mass index;

Model 3, adjusted for Model 2 variables plus smoking, alcohol consumption, habitual exercise, occupational class, and presence of hypertension, dyslipidemia and hypercholesterolemia;

Model 4, adjusted for Model 3 variables plus total energy intake;

Model 5, adjusted for Model 4 variables plus homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance.