Table 4.
Impacts of various pretreatment, treatment, and pathological factors on overall survival
|
Variables |
All |
5 years |
Statistical significance | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | Events (all death) | No. of patients at risk | Events (all death) | Cumulative rate(%) | S.E. | ||
|
All cases |
292 |
147 |
68 |
14 |
47.6% |
3.3% |
|
|
Operation volume in each hospital (n) | |||||||
| 1-9 |
29 |
13 |
3 |
1 |
40.9% |
14.1% |
ns; any comparison |
| 10-19 |
75 |
35 |
21 |
4 |
50.4% |
6.5% |
|
| 20-35 |
188 |
99 |
44 |
9 |
46.9% |
4.1% |
|
|
Treatment era | |||||||
| Before 1999 |
144 |
86 |
56 |
8 |
49.2% |
4.4% |
ns |
| After 2000 |
148 |
61 |
12 |
6 |
43.4% |
5.7% |
|
|
Age (years old) | |||||||
| 30-57 |
100 |
49 |
26 |
5 |
48.2% |
5.6% |
p = 0.00561; Age 58–67 vs. Age 68-87 |
| 58-67 |
96 |
45 |
33 |
5 |
58.6% |
5.5% |
|
| 68-87 |
96 |
53 |
9 |
4 |
34.2% |
6.1% |
|
|
Performance status | |||||||
| 0 |
197 |
82 |
47 |
8 |
55.8% |
4.1% |
p = 0.00002 |
| 1-4 |
60 |
41 |
10 |
4 |
25.7% |
6.4% |
|
|
Operation | |||||||
| Yes |
281 |
136 |
68 |
14 |
49.7% |
3.4% |
p = 0.00000 |
| No |
11 |
11 |
0 |
0 |
|
|
|
|
ESR (mm/h) | |||||||
| Male: 0–49, female: 0-52 |
91 |
38 |
25 |
5 |
55.4% |
6.0% |
p = 0.00024 |
| Male:> = 50, female:> = 56 |
92 |
60 |
12 |
4 |
29.4% |
5.7% |
|
|
CRP (mg/l) | |||||||
| <1.3 |
129 |
47 |
33 |
5 |
61.0% |
5.0% |
p = 0.00003 |
| > = 1.3 |
126 |
78 |
21 |
7 |
32.9% |
4.9% |
|
|
α2 globulin (%) | |||||||
| 3.2-10.5 |
76 |
27 |
20 |
5 |
60.9% |
6.5% |
p = 0.00212 |
| 10.6-22.3 |
76 |
44 |
15 |
3 |
38.4% |
6.6% |
|
|
Ca (mg/dl) | |||||||
| 3.8-9.1 |
99 |
49 |
24 |
4 |
49.1% |
5.7% |
ns |
| 9.2-14.1 |
100 |
45 |
20 |
4 |
49.7% |
5.9% |
|
|
LDH (U/l) | |||||||
| 66-288 |
126 |
46 |
21 |
7 |
51.1% |
6.0% |
p = 0.02171 |
| 289-1740 |
125 |
78 |
34 |
6 |
42.2% |
4.7% |
|
|
Hb (g/dl) | |||||||
| 6.5-11.3 |
107 |
64 |
19 |
7 |
32.5% |
5.5% |
p = 0.00250 |
| 11.4-18.5 |
103 |
45 |
27 |
2 |
57.7% |
5.5% |
|
|
IAP (μg/ml) | |||||||
| 232-712 |
102 |
36 |
32 |
5 |
64.5% |
5.3% |
p = 0.00000 |
| 713-2048 |
101 |
65 |
13 |
5 |
29.8% |
5.5% |
|
|
T_category | |||||||
| = < T3 |
275 |
134 |
68 |
13 |
49.8% |
3.4% |
p = 0.00000 |
| T4 |
14 |
12 |
0 |
1 |
9.5% |
8.8% |
|
|
N_category | |||||||
| N0 |
118 |
55 |
32 |
6 |
55.8% |
5.0% |
p = 0.00000 |
| N1 + N2 |
61 |
41 |
3 |
4 |
13.0% |
5.9% |
|
|
M_category | |||||||
| M0 |
183 |
83 |
44 |
11 |
51.3% |
4.3% |
p = 0.00002 |
| M1 |
91 |
61 |
14 |
3 |
31.4% |
5.3% |
|
|
Surgical category | |||||||
| 1 |
196 |
82 |
52 |
11 |
55.5% |
4.1% |
p = 0.00007; surgical category 1 vs. surgical category 3 |
| 2 |
11 |
6 |
4 |
2 |
52.0% |
15.7% |
p = 0.00022; surgical category 1 vs. surgical category 4 |
| 3 |
66 |
41 |
10 |
1 |
34.7% |
6.6% |
p = 0.00000; surgical category 1 vs. surgical category 5 |
| 4 |
8 |
7 |
2 |
0 |
25.0% |
15.3% |
p = 0.00342; surgical category 2 vs. surgical category 5 |
| 5 |
11 |
11 |
0 |
0 |
|
|
p = 0.00112; surgical category 3 vs. surgical category 5 |
|
Tumor size (cm) | |||||||
| 0-8.3 |
141 |
60 |
41 |
7 |
59.6% |
4.8% |
p = 0.0020 |
| 2:8.5-27 |
139 |
78 |
24 |
7 |
36.6% |
4.7% |
|
|
Pathological subtype | |||||||
| Clear cell |
206 |
90 |
55 |
11 |
54.8% |
3.9% |
p = 0.02816; clear cell vs. papillary, chromophobe, others |
| Papillary, chromophobe, others |
56 |
31 |
11 |
2 |
41.9% |
7.6% |
p = 0.00000; clear cell vs. spindle, sarcomatoid |
| Spindle, sarcomatoid |
19 |
15 |
1 |
1 |
8.3% |
7.7% |
p = 0.00105; papillary, chromophobe, others vs. spindle, sarcomatoid |
|
Tumor nuclear grade | |||||||
| G1 + G2 |
206 |
94 |
56 |
12 |
53.9% |
3.9% |
p = 0.00215 |
| G3 |
75 |
42 |
12 |
2 |
37.1% |
6.7% |
|
|
Capsular status |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Non-invasive |
114 |
55 |
34 |
5 |
52.5% |
5.2% |
p = 0.00207; non-invasive vs. invasive |
| Invasive |
43 |
30 |
6 |
2 |
28.4% |
7.6% |
p = 0.02827; incvasive vs. unknown |
| Unknown |
135 |
62 |
28 |
7 |
50.2% |
5.1% |
|
|
RV/IVC wall invasion | |||||||
| Non-invasive |
133 |
52 |
39 |
6 |
59.5% |
4.8% |
p = 0.00000; non-invasive vs. invasive |
| Invasive |
78 |
51 |
15 |
6 |
33.5% |
6.2% |
p = 0.00107; non-invasive vs. unknown |
| Unknown |
81 |
44 |
14 |
2 |
41.3% |
6.4% |
|
|
Tumor thrombus classification 1 | |||||||
| Renal vein, infrahepatic IVC extension |
253 |
119 |
63 |
12 |
50.9% |
3.6% |
p = 0.05890 |
| Suprahepatic, intracardial IVC, intracardiac extension |
31 |
22 |
4 |
2 |
28.7% |
9.4% |
|
|
Tumor thrombus classification 2 | |||||||
| Renal vein extension |
152 |
66 |
41 |
5 |
55.1% |
4.5% |
p = 0.02410; renal vein vs. suprahepatic IVC-intracardiac |
| Infrahepatic IVC extension |
101 |
53 |
22 |
7 |
44.3% |
5.9% |
ns; any other comparison |
| Suprahepatic, intracardial IVC, intracardiac extension |
31 |
22 |
4 |
2 |
28.7% |
9.4% |
|
|
Tumor thrombus classification 3 | |||||||
| Renal vein extension |
152 |
66 |
41 |
5 |
55.1% |
4.5% |
p = 0.02883 |
| Infrahepatic, suprahepatic, intracardial IVC, intracardiac extension | 132 | 75 | 26 | 9 | 40.6% | 5.0% | |
surgical category 1; radical nephrectomy and complete resection of thrombus without metastasis, surgical category 2; radical nephrectomy and complete resection of thrombus with metastases that has undergone a cytoreductive surgery, surgical category 3; radical nephrectomy and complete resection of thrombus with unresected metastases, surgical category 4; radical nephrectomy and incomplete resection of thrombus regardless of metastatic status, surgical category 5; abandoned operation.