Table 5.
Multivariate Cox proportional hazards model on predictors of overall survival in all participants and yearly-based survivors diagnosed with renal cell carcinoma extending into renal vein or inferior vena cava
| Variables | Estimate | ± | Standard error |
Hazard ratio |
p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (95% Confident interval) | ||||||
|
All cases | ||||||
| Renal vein/ inferior vena cava wall invasion status |
0.80 |
± |
0.30 |
2.22 |
(1.22-4.02) |
0.00876 |
| Pathological subtype |
0.45 |
± |
0.24 |
1.57 |
(0.97-2.53) |
0.06486 |
| Surgical category |
0.55 |
± |
0.16 |
1.73 |
(1.25-2.39) |
0.00088 |
|
Survivors at 1 year of follow-up | ||||||
| IAP |
2.62 |
± |
0.50 |
13.68 |
(5.16-36.3) |
0.00000 |
| Pathological subtype |
0.53 |
± |
0.21 |
1.70 |
(1.11-2.59) |
0.01371 |
|
Survivors at 2 years of follow-up | ||||||
| Renal vein/ inferior vena cava wall invasion status |
1.15 |
± |
0.44 |
3.16 |
(1.35-7.44) |
0.00825 |
| PS |
0.91 |
± |
0.47 |
2.49 |
(1.00-6.25) |
0.05122 |
|
Survivors at 3 years of follow-up | ||||||
| Renal vein/ inferior vena cava wall invasion status |
1.60 |
± |
0.48 |
4.96 |
(1.93-12.8) |
0.00090 |
| PS | 0.89 | ± | 0.50 | 2.43 | (0.91-6.44) | 0.07531 |
In the stepwise multiple regression analysis, 232-712 μg/ml IAP, 0 PS, radical nephrectomy and complete resection of thrombus without metastasis in surgical category, non-venous wall-invasive thrombus in renal vein/ inferior vena cava wall invasion, and clear cell subtype on pathological subtype are coded as 1.
Similarly, 713–2048 μg/ml IAP, 1–4 PS, radical nephrectomy and complete resection of thrombus with metastases that has undergone a cytoreductive surgery in surgical category, venous wall-invasive thrombus in renal vein/ inferior vena cava wall invasion, and papillary/chromophobe//others excluding spindle or sarcoma subtype in pathological subtype are coded as 2.
Spindle or sarcomatoid pathological subtype, radical nephrectomy and complete resection of thrombus with unresected metastases in surgical category are coded as 3.
Radical nephrectomy and incomplete resection of thrombus regardless of metastatic status in surgical category is coded as 4.
Abandoned operation in surgical category is coded as 5.