Figure 1. Temperature (A) and salinity (B) of surface seawater and ship's ballast water during a cruise from Japan to Australia in June 2005, roughly along longitudes 140°E to 155°E.

Surface seawater (SW), closed circles; surface ballast water (BWS), open triangles; bottom ballast water (BWB), closed triangles. Mid-ocean ballast water exchange occurred on day 5 (Exchange).