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. 2014 May 9;9(5):e96274. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0096274

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© 2014 Tomaru et al

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited.

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Bacterial heterotrophic plate counts are classified as from seawater-based medium (HPC_sw), freshwater-based medium (HPC_fw), coliforms (Col), or members of the cholera group (CG). Microbes were counted in samples of ambient seawater (SW) and in ballast-water surface (BWS) and bottom (BWB) samples. Mid-ocean ballast-water exchange occurred on day 5 (Exchange). Missing symbols indicate days when no members of the coliform or cholera groups were detected. CFU, colony-forming unit.