1
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Risk prevention, mitigation, and biosecurity
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Knowledge of practices to reduce risk of Hendra virus transmission to horses and humans
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Implementation of practices to reduce risk of Hendra virus in horses and humans
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Property and vegetation management as it relates to premise biosecurity
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Enablers and barriers to uptake of recommended behaviours/practices
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2
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Personal health and safety
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Knowledge of personal risk reduction practices
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Utilization of personal risk reduction practices
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Personal hygiene practices
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Personal protective equipment (PPE) knowledge, availability and use
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Enablers and barriers to utilization of personal health and safety practices
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Measures of risk-related behaviours (close contact with horses, handling of bodily fluids, etc.)
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Concerns about risk to self from other animals (e.g. dogs, wildlife)
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3
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Hendra virus-related risk awareness and perception
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Vulnerability to Hendra virus (horse(s), self, other people)
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Likelihood of being impacted (horse(s), self, other people)
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Beliefs underlying perceived level of risk
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Fear and concern (horse(s), self, other people)
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Awareness of local risk
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Attitudes towards Hendra virus in the context of other diseases/disease risks
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Perceived risk of Hendra virus relative to other infectious diseases and health threats
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4
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Hendra virus vaccination in horses – process and implementation
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Process of roll-out, including how best to enable uptake
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Priority horse subpopulations for vaccination
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Persons responsible for administering the vaccine
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Perceived need for compulsory vaccination among horse subpopulations
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Perceived role for government in vaccination
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5
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Hendra virus vaccination in horses – attitudes and uptake
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Willingness to vaccinate and/or vaccinate regularly
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Anticipated uptake
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Barriers to uptake
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Attitudes toward vaccination including perceived effectiveness and concerns about adverse effects
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6
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Awareness and knowledge of Hendra virus
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Transmission routes
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Signs and symptoms
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Time between infection and clinical onset of disease
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Time between infection and infectiousness
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Locations and details of previous outbreaks
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Environmental conditions that impact transmission
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7
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Bats/Flying foxes – attitudes and awareness
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Attitudes to bats/flying foxes
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Attitudes to control of bats/flying foxes
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Awareness of local activity
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Opportunities for interaction with horses
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Protecting horses from bat/flying fox exposure
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Knowledge of the role of bats, bat ecology, and bat feeding and roosting behaviours
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8
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Communication, information, and education
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Verbal communication with veterinarian(s)/government agencies
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Sources of advice
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Perceived success of government communication
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Role of media
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Desired forms of communication/sources of information
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9
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Hendra virus surveillance and reporting
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Likelihood of early consideration of Hendra virus
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Response to a sick horse
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Severity of illness in horse(s) before a veterinarian is contacted
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When to notify authorities of a sick horse
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Awareness of reporting responsibilities
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Knowledge of reporting pathways
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Enablers and barriers to reporting of suspect cases
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Concerns about reporting
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10
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Emergency preparedness
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Expectations and preferences in relation to event management
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Record keeping
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Attitudes toward registration of movements and movement controls
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Recording of horse health status and vaccination history
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Attitudes around horse and horse owner identification
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11
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Horse health awareness
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Frequency of horse observations
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Monitoring for signs of disease
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12
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Hendra virus response
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Knowledge of the government response plan
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Expectations of time to diagnosis
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Knowledge of testing and quarantine procedures
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Attitudes to recovered horses
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Knowledge and attitudes toward the issue of Hendra virus recrudescence (i.e. reoccurrence of clinical disease in a previously affected animal or person)
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Knowledge of available support
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Attitudes to government response to cases
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Need for a human vaccine
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13
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Relationship with veterinarian(s)
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Frequency of consultations and communications
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Health services routinely provided by veterinarians
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Trust in veterinarian(s)
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Health of relationship with veterinarian(s)
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14
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Responsibility
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Attitudes around who is responsible for Hendra virus risk mitigation and response
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Beliefs concerning who should pay the Hendra virus-related costs
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15
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Sense of control/effectiveness
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Perceived effectiveness of recommended health and safety and biosecurity practices
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Sense of control over ability to reduce personal risk and risk to other people and animals
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16
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Information seeking
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Primary source of information
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Preferred sources of information
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Trusted sources of information
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Membership in horse associations
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Access to and use of newsletters/e-alerts/subscriptions
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Use of social media
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Use of social networks/informal word-of-mouth/knowledge sharing
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Attendance at workshops/training
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17
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Trust
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Trust in government agencies to communicate and respond
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Trust in the research and science informing the Hendra virus response
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Trust in others to report and take the appropriate actions
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18
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Horse behaviour
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Knowledge and awareness of the behaviour of their horse(s)
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Interactions with wildlife/other domestic species (possums, feral cats, livestock, companion animals)
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Interactions with other horses |