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Effect on inflammatory markers. Mean ± SEM postprandial relative CRP, IFNγ, IL-10, IL-12p70, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, SAA, sICAM-1, sVCAM-1, TNF-α in healthy subjects (N = 14) after ingestion of water (□), OGTT (◊), OLTT (△), OG + LTT (○). ANOVA: OGTT, OLTT, OL + GTT versus water: green p < 0.05, yellow p < 0.01, orange p < 0.001; water versus baseline; * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001.
