Table 1. Neonatal, child and parent characteristics.

Neonatal Characteristics (n = 101)	Non-Ventilated n = 44	Ventilated n = 57	p-value
Gestational age (weeks)	31.2 (1.5) [27-33]	28.4 (2.2) [25-33]	< 0.001
Birth weight (grams)	1569 (352)[884-2350]	1140(404)[520-2265]	< 0.001
Sex (male), number (%)	17 (39)	33 (58)	0.056
Illness severity on day 1 (SNAP-II score)	4.8 (5.8) [0-22]	16 (12.1) [0-45]	< 0.001
Total skin breaks (number)	45.4 (19.4) [10-91]	135.7 (77.5)[30-350]	< 0.001
Postnatal infection, number (%)	1 (2)	23 (40)	< 0.001
Mechanical ventilation (days)	-	15.9 (18) [1-71]	-
Surgery (number)		0 (0-1)	-
Morphine (exposed), number (%)	-	49 (86)	-
Daily morphine exposure (in mg adjusted daily weight)	-	2.3 (5) [0-22.9]	-
Midazolam (exposed), number (%)	-	8 (14)	-
Dexamethasone (exposed), number (%)	-	6 (11)	-
Child Characteristics
CBCL Internalizing (T score)	52 (11) [33-80]†	51 (11) [34-76]†	0.45
Parental Characteristics (n = 101)
Marital status (married), number (%)	37 (84)	54 (95)	0.15
Ethnicity (Caucasian), number (%)	33 (75)	45 (79)	0.78
Education (years)	15.8 (2.6)	16 (2.9)	0.63
PSI Parenting stress (score) (n = 100)	115 (29) [68-183]	117 (3) [68-188]	0.68

^†12 children in each group had T scores ≥ 60 (clinical range).

Missing PSI from 1 parent in non-ventilated group.

Mean, (standard deviation) and [range] are provided unless otherwise specified.

SNAP-II, score for neonatal acute physiology (severity of illness index); PSI, Stress Index-III (Parent Domain); CBCL, Child Behavior Check List.