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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Jul 1.
Published in final edited form as: Eur J Pain. 2013 Dec 9;18(6):844–852. doi: 10.1002/j.1532-2149.2013.00431.x

Table 2. Pain, parental stress and cumulative morphine according to Internalizing T scores and neonatal morphine/mechanical ventilation exposure.

Non-Ventilated group (n=44) Ventilated group (n=57)

CBCL-Internalizing Skin-breaks 40 (17.3) [10-81] Skin-breaks 139 (80.1) [32-350]
T scores ≤59 non-clinical PSI 110 (27.5) [68-176] PSI 112 (22.1) [68-161]
Morphine 1.9 (4.4) [0-21.3]
(n=77) (n=32) (n=45)

CBCL-Internalizing Skin-breaks 61 (17.3) [36-91] Skin-breaks 123 (69.1) [30-219]
T scores ≥60 clinical PSI 127 (28.9) [92-183] PSI 137 (29.5) [88-186]
Morphine 3.7(6.8) [0-22.9]
(n=24) (n=12) (n=12)

Skin-breaks, number of skin-breaking procedures; Morphine exposure, daily morphine exposure adjusted for daily weight.

Means (SD), [range] are provided for pain (skin-breaks), PSI scores and cumulative morphine exposure.

CBCL, Child Behavior Check List; PSI, Stress Index-III (Parent Domain).