Table 4.
Comparison of the preoperative characteristics of patients with and without adjacent segment degeneration
| Variable | Patients with adjacent segment degeneration | Patients without adjacent segment degeneration | p value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Number of patients | 19 | 30 | |
| Age (years)* | 50.7 ± 9.4 | 48.9 ± 9.4 | 0.38 |
| Sex (male/female) (number of patients) | 6/13 | 8/22 | 0.65 |
| Level (number of patients) | |||
| L4–L5 | 10 | 19 | 0.46 |
| L5–S1 | 9 | 11 | |
| PI (°)* | 57.4 ± 9.9 | 54.6 ± 11.5 | 0.27 |
| SS (°)* | 29.9 ± 15.3 | 29.0 ± 20.7 | 0.70 |
| T-score* | 0.18 ± 1.0 | −0.13 ± 1.6 | 0.12 |
| Z-score* | 0.9 ± 1.1 | 0.7 ± 1.4 | 0.45 |
| SL (°)* | 13.7 ± 7.4 | 14.7 ± 7.5 | 0.35 |
| WL (°)* | 36.7 ± 17.1 | 42.4 ± 11.9 | 0.38 |
| Cr-SL (°)* | 14.6 ± 5.1 | 14.9 ± 7.0 | 0.77 |
| Ca-SL (°)* | 16.8 ± 6.7 | 16.1 ± 7.7 | 0.68 |
| Slippage (%)* | 19.9 ± 8.0 | 19.9 ± 9.2 | 0.64 |
| DH (mm) * | 7.1 ± 2.2 | 7.4 ± 2.9 | 0.96 |
| Cr-DH (mm)* | 11.8 ± 1.6 | 12.1 ± 2.0 | 0.89 |
| Ca-DH (mm)* | 10.7 ± 2.2 | 11.6 ± 2.1 | 0.15 |
| Cr-FA (°)* | |||
| L4–L5 | 31.6 ± 11.6 | 39.3 ± 10.2 | 0.07 |
| L5–S1 | 43.5 ± 10.9 | 45.8 ± 10.5 | 0.63 |
| Ca-FA (°)* | |||
| L4–L5 | 48.8 ± 8.9 | 47.8 ± 11.4 | 0.36 |
| Cr-FD < 2 (number of patients) | 12 | 27 | 0.03 |
| Cr-FD ≥ 2 (number of patients) | 7 | 3 | |
| Ca-FD < 2 (number of patients) | 8 | 13 | 0.33 |
| Ca-FD ≥ 2 (number of patients) | 2 | 2 | |
| Cr-DD < 3 (number of patients) | 4 | 10 | 0.35 |
| Cr-DD ≥ 3 (number of patients) | 15 | 20 | |
| Ca-DD < 3 (number of patients) | 3 | 8 | 0.69 |
| Ca-DD ≥ 3 (number of patients) | 7 | 11 | |
* Values are expressed as mean ± SD; PI = pelvic incidence, SS = sacral slope; SL = segmental lordosis; WL = whole lumbar lordosis; Cr = cranial segment; Ca = caudal segment; DH = disc height; FA = facet angle; FD = facet degeneration grade; DD = disc degeneration grade.