Table 5.
Patients classified by BD (classes I to IV): haemostatic and fluid resuscitation
|
Class I |
Class II |
Class III |
Class IV |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BD ≤ 2.0 (none to minimal) | BD >2.0 to 6.0 (mild) | BD > 6.0 to 10.0 (moderate) | BD > 10.0 (severe) | |
|
Transfusion requirements |
|
|
|
|
| All blood products/units (n; mean ± SD) |
1.5 (6) |
4.2 (11.5) |
9.4 (17.5) |
15.1 (22) |
| pRBC transfusions/units (n; mean ± SD) |
1.1 (3.4) |
2.6 (5.8) |
5 (8.4) |
8.1 (10.9) |
| FFP transfusions/units (n; mean ± SD) |
0.8 (3.1) |
2.3 (11.6) |
4.1 (7.4) |
6.2 (10) |
| TC transfusion/units (n; mean ± SD) |
0.1 (0.5) |
0.3 (1.1) |
0.6 (1.8) |
0.9 (1.8) |
| TASH Score (points; mean ± SD) |
3.1 (3.1) |
5.6 (4.0) |
10.0 (5.0) |
13.5 (5.3) |
| IV fliuds at ED (ml; mean ± SD) |
1498 (1531) |
2143 (2075) |
2573 (2404) |
2964 (2564) |
| Vasopressors at ED (n; %) | 888 (21.9) | 1233 (36.1) | 690 (52.3) | 549 (75.8) |
(n = 10,201; p < 0.001 for all parameters).
Abbreviations: pRBC packed red blood cells, FFP fresh frozen plasma, TC thrombocyte concentrate, TASH Trauma-associated severe hemorrhage score, i.v. intravenous, ED Emergency Department.