Table 1.
Distribution of depression score with CES-DC (19,20) scale by select socio-demographic and risk factors among institutionalized orphaned children in Hyderabad
| Variable | Categories |
Children orphaned by AIDS (COA) |
Children orphaned by other reasons (COO) |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N = 199 | Mean | Median | N = 198 | Mean | Median | ||
| Age* |
12 to 14 years |
186 |
34.5 |
37.0 |
118 |
18.4 |
17.5 |
| 15 to 16 years |
13 |
35.8 |
41.0 |
80 |
23.7 |
23.0 |
|
| Sex† |
Boy |
127 |
33.2 |
34.0 |
80 |
21.2 |
22.0 |
| Girl |
72 |
37.1 |
43.5 |
118 |
20.1 |
18.5 |
|
| Type of orphan‡ |
Maternal orphan |
29 |
36.9 |
44.0 |
31 |
20.9 |
21.0 |
| Paternal orphan |
114 |
34.9 |
39.0 |
91 |
19.5 |
20.0 |
|
| Double orphan |
56 |
32.9 |
34.5 |
66 |
21.6 |
21.0 |
|
| Do not know |
0 |
0 |
0 |
10 |
21.8 |
20.0 |
|
| Education§ |
Never been to school/Class 1-5 |
131 |
33.7 |
35.0 |
44 |
22.4 |
22.0 |
| Class 6-12 |
68 |
36.3 |
40.0 |
154 |
20.0 |
19.0 |
|
| Religion¶ |
Hindu |
60 |
32.1 |
36.5 |
140 |
19.7 |
19.0 |
| Christian |
136 |
35.5 |
37.5 |
43 |
22.8 |
24.0 |
|
| Others |
3 |
45.0 |
52.0 |
12 |
20.8 |
20.5 |
|
| Duration of stay at the orphanage** |
<= 2 years |
82 |
33.8 |
34.0 |
99 |
21.6 |
22.0 |
| 3 - 4 years |
81 |
35.9 |
40.0 |
36 |
18.7 |
18.5 |
|
| > 4 years |
36 |
33.6 |
35.5 |
63 |
20.0 |
17.0 |
|
| Ever bullied or ill-treated by friend/relatives†† |
Yes |
100 |
37.9 |
40.5 |
53 |
25.0 |
24.0 |
| No/Cannot say |
99 |
31.2 |
33.0 |
145 |
18.9 |
18.0 |
|
| Ever abused at orphanage‡‡ |
Yes |
38 |
36.3 |
37.0 |
46 |
27.1 |
27.5 |
| No |
161 |
34.2 |
39.0 |
152 |
18.6 |
17.0 |
|
| Ever witnessed fights between parents§§ |
Yes |
100 |
36.1 |
40.0 |
71 |
24.9 |
24.0 |
| No |
70 |
32.8 |
34.0 |
75 |
17.2 |
15.0 |
|
| Don’t recall/Don’t know |
29 |
33.8 |
37.0 |
52 |
19.4 |
18.5 |
|
| Ever experienced discrimination¶¶ | Always/many times |
25 |
44.2 |
46.0 |
15 |
26.2 |
28.0 |
| Sometimes |
50 |
36.0 |
40.0 |
16 |
27.3 |
27.0 |
|
| Never | 124 | 32.1 | 34.0 | 166 | 19.4 | 19.0 | |
*p = 0.749 for COA; p = 0.001 for COO.
† p = 0.066 for COA; p = 0.467 for COO.
‡ p = 0.470 for COA; p = 0.636 for COO.
§ p = 0.241 for COA; p = 0.194 for COO.
¶ p = 0.150 for COA; p = 0.227 for COO.
**p = 0.113 for COA; p = 0.325 for COO.
†† p = 0.001 for COA; p < 0.001 for COO.
‡‡ p = 0.419 for COA; p < 0.001 for COO.
§§ p = 0.318 for COA; p < 0.001 for COO.
¶¶ p < 0.001 for COA; p = 0.001 for COO.
ANOVA test for significance is reported.