Figure 1.

Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-6-induced growth-regulated oncogene (GRO) α expression in human granulosa-lutein cells (GCs). Cultured human GCs were stimulated with BMP-6 (0-300 ng/mL) for 24 hours (A) or with BMP-6 (100 ng/mL) for 3 to 48 hours (B). Total RNA was extracted from the cells and subjected to real-time PCR to determine the GRO-α mRNA levels. Data were normalized by GAPDH mRNA levels to show the relative abundance to the control level. Data from at least 4 different experiments were combined and shown as the mean ± SEM relative to an adjusted value of 1.0 for the mean value of the control. *P < .01 (vs control). C, GRO-α concentration in cultured supernatant stimulated with BMP-6 (100 ng/mL, 24 hours) was measured using ELISA. Data from 4 different experiments were combined *P < .01 (vs control). mRNA indicates messenger RNA; GAPDH, glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase; ELISA, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; PCR, polymerase chain reaction; SEM, standard error of the mean.