Table 1.
Characteristics of Participating Studies
| S1(24) Shen |
S2(25) Karasik |
S3(26) Devoto |
S4(27) Kammerer |
S5(28) Ralston |
S6(29) Wilson |
S7(29) Wilson |
S8(31) Peacock |
S9(34) Koller |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Skeletal sites | |||||||||
| Lumbar spine | + | + | + | − | + | + | + | + | + |
| Femoral neck | − | + | + | + | + | − | − | + | + |
| Families | 79 | 323 | 40 | 29 | 715 | 1094 | 254 | 225 | 286 |
| Subjects | 1816 | 1557 | 254 | 664 | 3658 | 2188 | 587 | 482 | 636 |
| Location | United States | United States | Canada | United States (Mex) |
United Kingdom, Denmark Netherlands |
United Kingdom | United Kingdom, Belgium Australia, New Zealand |
United States | United States |
| Study design | |||||||||
| Proband definition | Yes | No | Yes | No | Yes | No | Yes | No | No |
| Linkage method | NPL | NPL | NPL | NPL | NPL | NPL | NPL | NPL | NPL |
| Subjects included | Families | Families | Families | Families | Families | Twins | Sibs | Sibs | Sibs |
| ZBMD threshold | < −1.28, >1.28 | — | < −2.0 | — | < −2.0 | — | < −1.5 | — | — |
| Site | LS or hip | — | LS | — | LS or hip | — | LS or hip | — | — |
| Mean age [years (SD)] | 49 (16) | 61 (13) | 47 (16) | 43 (16) | 48 (16) | 48 (16) | 59 (16) | 35 (11) | 34 (7) |
| Sex (n)* | M (768) | M (660) | M (103) | M (259) | M (1398) | — | — | M (482) | — |
| F (1048) | F (871) | F (151) | F (261) | F (2260) | F (2188) | F (587) | — | F (636) | |
| Adjustments | |||||||||
| Age† | + | + | + | + | + | − | + | + | + |
| Sex‡ | + | + | + | + | + | − | − | − | − |
| Height, weight, BMI | + | + | + | + | + | − | − | + | + |
| Other§ | − | + | + | + | − | − | − | + | − |
| DNA markers | 432 | 401 | 363 | 416 | 400 | 737 | 1008 | 402 | 270 |
*
Number of subjects analyzed in the sex subgroup analyses; postmenopausal women were excluded in the sex subgroup analysis of S4. S6 and S7 are described in the same publication.
†
Studies 2, 3, and 4 also adjusted for age2.
‡
Studies 1 and 3 also performed an age × sex adjustment.
§
Other adjustments included alcohol and caffeine intake, smoking, physical activity, and estrogen use in women for study 2; ethnicity for study 3; physical activity for study 4; and race for study 8.
NPL, nonparametric linkage; BMI, body mass index; F, female; FN, femoral neck; LS, lumbar spine; M, male; Mex, Mexican American.