Table 1.

European-derived susceptibility loci for type 2 diabetes.

	Locus	SNP	Chr.	Position	Allele (risk/other)	RAF*	OR	Probable mechanism
2000	PPARγ [8]	rs1801282	3	12368125	C/G	0.92	1.14	Insulin action	Candidate and large-scale association study
2003	KCNJ11 [9]	rs5219	11	17366148	T/C	0.5	1.14	β-Cell function	Candidate and large-scale association study
2006	TCF7L2 [10]	rs7903146	10	114748339	T/C	0.25	1.37	β-Cell function	Candidate and large-scale association study
2007	WFS1 [11]	rs10010131	4	6343816	G/A	0.6	1.11	β-Cell function	Candidate and large-scale association study
2007	HNF1B [12]	rs4430796	17	rs4430796	A/G	0.47	1.1	β-Cell function	Candidate and large-scale association study
2007	IGF2BP2 [13–15]	rs4402960	3	186994381	T/G	0.29	1.14	β-Cell function	GWAS
2007	CDKN2A-CDKN2B [13–15]	rs10811661	9	rs10811661	T/C	0.79	1.2	β-Cell function	GWAS
2007	CDKAL1 [13–16]	rs10946398	6	20769013	C/A	0.31	1.12	β-Cell function	GWAS
2007	SLC30A8 [17]	rs13266634	8	118253964	C/T	0.75	1.12	β-Cell function	GWAS
2007	HHEX/IDE [17]	rs1111875	10	94452862	C/T	0.56	1.13	β-Cell function	GWAS
2007	FTO [13, 15, 18]	rs8050136	16	rs8050136	A/C	0.45	1.17	Obesity	GWAS
2008	NOTCH2 [19]	rs10923931	1	120230001	T/G	0.106	1.13	Unknown	GWAS
2008	ADAMTS9 [19]	rs4607103	3	64686944	C/T	0.761	1.09	Insulin action	GWAS
2008	THADA [19]	rs7578597	2	43644474	T/C	0.902	1.15	β-Cell function	GWAS
2008	TSPAN8/LGR5 [19]	rs7961581	12	69949369	C/T	0.269	1.09	β-Cell function	GWAS
2008	CDC123/CAMK1D [19]	rs12779790	10	12368016	G/A	0.183	1.11	β-Cell function	GWAS
2008	JAZF1 [19]	rs864745	7	28147081	T/C	0.501	1.1	β-Cell function	GWAS
2009	MTNR1B [20]	rs1387153	11	92313476	T/C	0.283	1.15	β-Cell function	GWAS
2009	IRS1 [21]	rs2943641	2	226801989	C/T	0.633	1.19	Insulin action	GWAS
2010	DGKB/TMEM195 [22]	rs2191349	7	15030834	T/G	0.333	1.06	β-Cell function	GWAS
2010	GCKR [22]	rs780094	2	27594741	C/T	0.394	1.06	Insulin action	GWAS
2010	GCK [22]	rs4607517	7	44202193	A/G	0.195	1.07	β-Cell function	GWAS
2010	PROX1 [22]	rs340874	1	212225879	C/T	0.492	1.07	β-Cell function	GWAS
2010	ADCY5 [22]	rs11708067	3	124548468	A/G	0.226	1.12	β-Cell function	GWAS
2010	RBMS1/ITGB6 [23]	rs7593730	2	160879700	C/T	0.23	0.9	Insulin action	GWAS
2010	KCNQ1 [24]	rs231362	11	2648047	G/A	0.52	1.08	β-Cell function	GWAS
2010	DUSP9 [24]	rs5945326	X	152553116	A/G	0.79	1.27	Insulin action	GWAS
2010	PRC1 [24]	rs8042680	15	89322341	A/C	0.22	1.07	Unknown	GWAS
2010	ZFAND6 [24]	rs11634397	15	78219277	G/A	0.6	1.06	Unknown	GWAS
2010	HNF1A [24]	rs7957197	12	119945069	T/A	0.85	1.07	Unknown	GWAS
2010	HMGA2 [24]	rs1531343	12	64461161	C/G	0.1	1.1	Insulin action	GWAS
2010	CENTD2 [24]	rs1552224	11	72110746	A/C	0.88	1.14	β-Cell function	GWAS
2010	CHCHD9 [24]	rs13292136	9	81141948	C/T	0.93	1.11	Unknown	GWAS
2010	TP53INP1 [24]	rs896854	8	96029687	T/C	0.48	1.06	Unknown	GWAS
2010	KLF14 [24]	rs972283	7	130117394	G/A	0.55	1.07	Insulin action	GWAS
2010	ZBED3 [24]	rs4457053	5	76460705	G/A	0.26	1.08	Unknown	GWAS
2010	BCL11A [24]	rs243021	2	60438323	A/G	0.46	1.08	Unknown	GWAS
2012	HMG20A [25]	rs7177055	15	75,619,817	A/G	0.68	1.08	Unknown	GWAS
2012	GRB14 [25]	rs13389219	2	165,237,122	C/T	0.6	1.07	Insulin action	GWAS
2012	ZMIZ1 [25]	rs12571751	10	80,612,637	A/G	0.52	1.08	Unknown	GWAS
2012	ANK1 [25]	rs516946	8	41,638,405	C/T	0.76	1.09	β-cell function	GWAS
2012	KLHDC5 [25]	rs10842994	12	27,856,417	C/T	0.8	1.1	Unknown	GWAS
2012	TLE1 [25]	rs2796441	9	83,498,768	G/A	0.57	1.07	Unknown	GWAS
2012	ANKRD55 [25]	rs459193	5	55,842,508	G/A	0.7	1.08	Insulin action	GWAS
2012	CILP2 [25]	rs10401969	19	19,268,718	C/T	0.08	1.13	Unknown	GWAS
2012	MC4R [25]	rs12970134	18	56,035,730	A/G	0.27	1.08	Unknown	GWAS
2012	BCAR1 [25]	rs7202877	16	73,804,746	T/G	0.89	1.12	β-Cell function	GWAS

*Data were derived from HapMap East Asian or original studies. Position is given for NCBI Build 36.

SNP: single nucleotide polymorphism; Chr.: chromosome; RAF: risk allele frequency; OR: odds ratio.