Table 1.

Reported optimal polarization radii (σ_in) and atom typing for the four G1 sets defining the internal dielectric (eq. 1).

SMARTS{}	Typical functional groups	Radius (Å)
	Model name:	G1-4	G1-9	G1-12	G1-24
Fixed parameters
εin		4	9	12	24
A		10	5	10	4.19
H
[H]	all H	0.83	0.65	0.55	0.52
C
[CX4]	alkanes	0.78	0.79	0.67	0.62
[c,CX2,CX3]	aromatic, sp, sp2	1.25	1.02	0.87	0.78
N
[n,NX1,NX3,$(Nc),$(NN)]	aromatic, nitriles, sp3, aniline, hydrazine,	1.09	0.89	0.76	0.69
					0.74a
[$(N[C,S]=*)]	amides, amidines, sulfonamides	0.89	0.77	0.64	0.58
[$(N=C)]	imine, amidine	1.07	0.93	0.81	0.76
[$([#7]~[OX1])]	N-oxides, nitro	0.00	0.79	0.68	0.59
O
[$([OX2]([H])[#6,#7]),o,$([OD2]([CX4,c])[CX4]), $(O=[c,C,S])]	alcohols, furan, hydroxamic acids, ethers, ketones, aldehydes, amides, sulfones	0.88	0.73	0.63	0.60
[$(OC=[O,N])]	Esters, carboxylic acids	0.68	0.55	0.46	0.46
[$([OX1]~[#7])]	N-oxide, nitro	1.08	0.89	0.77	0.74
Others
[S,s]	All sulfur atoms	1.44	1.22	1.06	1.01
[F]		0.77	0.62	0.53	0.51
[Cl]		1.30	1.09	0.95	0.91
[Br]		1.47	1.24	1.07	1.03
Water	Special fit
[$([OX2]([H])[H]]		0.93	0.86	076	0.75
[$([H][OX2][H])]		0.64	0.45	0.36	0.31
Charged atoms
[$([#1][#7+]),$([#1][#7][#6]=[#7+][#1]), $([#1][#7][#6]=[#7+]),$([#1][n+]~c~n), $([#1]n~c~[n+])]	proton in guanidiniums, amidiniums, ammoniums, pyridiniums	0.44	0.43	0.37	0.01
[$([O-]C=O),$(O=C[O-])]	O in carboxylates	1.20	1.02	0.88	0.85
[$([NX4+]),$([#7+]=C-N),$(N-C=[N+]))]	N in ammoniums, guanidiniums,	0.00	0.34	0.39	0.52
[$([n+]~c~n),$([n]~c~[n+])]	amidiniums, N in imidazoliums	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.42