Table 6.

Standardized relations of demographic predictors at T1 with level and change in cognitive abilities, and effect sizes (based on unstandardized coefficients)

	Level			d			Change			d
	Y 18–39	M 40–64	O 65–99	Y-M	M-O	Y-O	Y 18–39	M 40–64	O 65–99	Y-M	M-O	Y-O
Age
Memory	−.31*	−.17*	−.47*	.15^	−.31^	−.10^	−.38	−.13	−.18*	.04	−.06	−.01
Speed	−.29*	−.33*	−.49*	−.03	−.18^	−.20^	−.50*	−.15	−.19*	.10^	−.04	.07
Vocabulary	−.11*	.13*	−.11*	.30^	−.30^	.00	−.54*	−.24*	−.10	.07	.09	.07
Sex (M=0, F=1)
Memory	.10*	.22*	.26*	.12^	.03	.15^	−.27	.15	.17*	.10^	.04	.13^
Speed	.06	.15*	.07	.09^	−.08	.02	.08	.13	.02	.01	−.03	−.01
Vocabulary	−.13*	.00	.03	.13^	.03	.17^	−.06	−.04	.11	.00	.05	.05
Education
Memory	.44*	.44*	.15*	−.06	−.26^	−.31^	.55*	.02	.08	−.13^	.04	−.08
Speed	.41*	.35*	.15*	−.07	−.19^	−.25^	.05	.03	.00	−.01	−.01	−.02
Vocabulary	.58*	.57*	.45*	−.01	−.24^	−.23^	−.06	−.16	−.19	−.02	−.05	−.06

Note:

^*p<.01. Estimates of effect sizes (d) of the group difference are derived from the standard errors of the unstandardized coefficients.

^{^}indicates that the difference in raw regression coefficients was significant at p<.01.