Table 3.
Studies of bridging therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma before liver transplant n (%)
| Ref. | Treatment | Tumor stage (n) | Number of treatments | Exclusion for LT | Tumor progression | Waiting time to LT (mo) | Intention to treat survival | Transplanted patients | Patient survival after LT |
| Graziadei et al[9] | TACE | Within MC (48) | 2.5 (1-8) | MC | 0 (0) | 6.0 (0.9-15) | 94% at 5 yr | 41 (85) | 94% at 5 yr |
| Yao et al[69] | TACE, RFA, PEI, resection | Within MC (70) | 3.1 (1-8) | UCSF | 18 (26) | 6.1 | 57% at 3 yr | 38 (54) | NA |
| Hayashi et al[29] | TACE | Within MC (20) | ? | MC | 4 (20) | 11.4 ± 9.8 | 61% at 5 yr | 12 (60) | 100% at 4 yr |
| Maddala et al[27] | TACE | Within MC (47), | 3 (1-4) | MC | 6 (11) | 7.0 (1-36) | 61% at 5 yr | 46 (85) | 74% at 5 yr |
| Beyond MC (7) | |||||||||
| Mazzaferro et al[33] | RFA | Within MC (40), | 1 | MC | 0 (0) | 9.5 (2-47) | NA | 50 (100) | 83% at 3 yr |
| Beyond MC (10) | |||||||||
| Lu et al[34] | RFA | Within MC (42), | 1.5 | MC | 3 (6) | 12.7 | 74% at 3 yr | 41 (79) | 76% at 3 yr |
| Beyond MC (10) | |||||||||
| Millonig et al[10] | TACE | Within MC (68) | 2.7 ± 1.7 | UCSF | 2 (3) | 9.0 (1.2-34) | 70% at 5 yr | 66 (97) | NA |
| De Luna et al[32] | TACI | Within MC (95) | 1.8 ± 1.1 | MC | 6 (6) | 11.4 (1.0-133) | 85% at 3 yr | 68 (72) | 82.4% at 3 yr |
HCC: Hepatocellular carcinoma; LT: Liver transplant; TACE: Transarterial chemoembolization; MC: Milan criteria; RFA: Radiofrequency ablation; PEI: Percutaneous ethanol injection; UCSF: University of California at San Francisco; TACI: Transarterial chemo-infusion; NA: Not available.