Table 4.
Regression coefficients (95% confidence intervals) for routine lipid profile triglycerides and VLDL variables (as dependent variables) vs. sex hormone levels in men and women
| Men | Women | Sex Difference p |
|
|---|---|---|---|
| Routine lipid profile Triglycerides (% difference)* | |||
| Total T | −2.90 (−5.99 to 0.30)% | −1.23 (−3.43 to 1.03)% | 0.322 |
| E2 | 12.07 (8.24 to 16.03)%† | 5.09 (2.88 to 7.35)%† | <0.001 |
| DHEA | −1.53 (−4.41 to 1.44)% | 2.17 (−0.54 to 4.96)% | 0.296 |
| SHBG | −20.7 (−23.7 to −17.5)%† | −21.5 (−23.9 to −19.0)%† | 0.027 |
| NMR Mean Particle size (pm) | |||
| Total T | −804.0 (−1514.3 to −93.9)† | 1.7 (−445.7 to 449.2) | 0.040 |
| E2 | 743.3 (77.4 to 1409.4)† | 897.5 (419.2 to 1375.8)† | 0.760 |
| DHEA | 89.0 (−419.8 to 597.7) | −1031.7 (−1620.1 to −443.4)† | 0.004 |
| SHBG | −328.2 (−1084.0 to 427.6) | −699.9 (−1376.5 to 23.4) | 0.718 |
| NMR Particle number (nmol/L) | |||
| All VLDL particles | |||
| Total T | −0.80 (−3.40 to 1.79) | −1.18 (−2.98 to 0.62) | 0.862 |
| E2 | 5.49 (3.07 to 7.92)† | 0.45 (−1.21 to 2.02) | <0.001 |
| DHEA | 0.14 (−2.52 to 2.59) | 4.91 (2.48 to 7.34)† | 0.030 |
| SHBG | −15.42 (−18.37 to −12.48)† | −15.5 (−18.1 to −13.0)† | 0.108 |
| Large VLDL/ Chylomicrons>60nm | |||
| Total T | −0.34 (−0.67 to 0.00) | −0.21 (−0.45 to 0.03) | 0.492 |
| E2 | 1.16 (0.82 to 1.51)† | 0.47 (0.27 to 0.67)† | <0.001 |
| DHEA | −0.02 (−0.44 to 0.40) | 0.04 (−0.28 to 0.35) | 0.899 |
| SHBG | −2.18 (−2.66 to −1.70)† | −2.29 (−2.65 to −1.93)† | 0.098 |
| Medium VLDL 35-60nm | |||
| Total T | −0.68 (−2.41 to 1.04) | −1.14 (−2.22 to −0.06)† | 0.722 |
| E2 | 2.92 (1.19 to 4.65)† | 0.48 (−0.46 to 1.43) | 0.002 |
| DHEA | −0.35 (−2.17 to 1.46) | 2.34 (1.02 to 3.65)† | 0.038 |
| SHBG | −9.52 (−11.53 to −7.49)† | −7.83 (−8.82 to −6.03)† | <0.001 |
| Small VLDL 27-35 nm | |||
| Total T | 0.22 (−1.14 to 1.58) | 0.17 (−0.74 to 1.07) | 0.958 |
| E2 | 1.41 (0.31 to 2.51)† | −0.55 (−1.56 to 0.46) | 0.005 |
| DHEA | 0.51 (−0.84 to 1.86) | 2.54 (1.20 to 3.87)† | 0.190 |
| SHBG | −3.72 (−5.30 to −2.15)† | −5.83 (−7.13 to −2.53)† | 0.208 |
Regressions were performed with all log-transformed sex hormones in the same model, adjusted for age, race, Body Mass Index (BMI), diabetes status, current cigarette smoking, current alcohol use, lipid-lowering medication, and weekly reported moderate to vigorous physical activity.
Triglycerides were analyzed on the log-scale. Beta coefficients represent the differences in mean triglycerides (in percent, i.e. proportional difference), or variable levels in pm or nmol/L, between a person with a given level of hormone and another person with double that level of hormone, keeping all other covariates constant, and 95% confidence intervals obtained from empirical bootstrapped standard errors.
p<0.05.