Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 May 12.
Published in final edited form as: J Elder Abuse Negl. 2011 Jan;23(1):43–57. doi: 10.1080/08946566.2011.534707

Figure 1. Perpetrator and Incident Characteristics of Emotional Mistreatment by Victim Gender.

Figure 1

Perpetrator characteristics as reported by victims of past-year elder emotional mistreatment by gender. Characteristics include: victim being dependent on perpetrator for daily care, perpetrator providing daily instrumental help, perpetrator having fewer than 3 friends, perpetrator being unemployed, perpetrator having previous problems with the police, perpetrator having sought counseling, perpetrator having substance use problems, perpetrator living with the victim at the time of mistreatment, perpetrator being a spouse or family member of the victim, and victim reporting mistreatment to police/authorities. Note: Valid percentages are reported.