Table 1.
Baseline of the included studies
| Author | Year | Study design | Site | Age (year) | Gender | Type and No. of fractures | No. of participants | Categories of tea consumption | Adjustment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kreiger N
[17] |
1992 |
Case–control |
Canada |
50-84 |
Female |
Hip fracture 102, wrist fracture 154 |
533 |
2 categories, <3 cup/day, ≥ 3 cup/day |
Age, the Queteletindex, ovariectomy, estrogens replacement, cigarette smoking |
| Johnell O
[18] |
1995 |
Case–control |
Southern Europe |
> 50 |
Female |
Hip fracture 2086 |
5,618 |
4 categories, never, 1–2 cups/day, 3 cups/day, ≥ 4 cups/day |
Age, center and BMI |
| Tavani A
[19] |
1995 |
Case–control |
Italy |
19-74 |
Female |
Hip fracture 279 |
1,340 |
2 categories, no drinking, drinking |
Age, education, body mass index, smoking status, total alcohol consumption, calcium intake, menopausal status, and estrogen replacement therapy use |
| Chen Z
[20] |
2003 |
Cohort |
USA |
50-79 |
Female |
Hip fractures 386, forearm/wrist fractures 1,809, other fractures 8,332 |
91,465 |
4 categories, <1 cup/day 1 cup/day 2–3 cups/day ≥ 4 cups/day |
Age, BMI, ethnicity, hormone replacement therapy use, smoking, years since menopause, fracture history, osteoporosis drug use, walking, soy milk consumption, coffee drinking, and depression |
| Hallström H
[21] |
2010 |
Case–control |
India |
65.2 ± 15.1 |
M:F 86:114 |
Hip fracture, 100 |
200 |
2 categories, ≤ 1 cup/day >1 cup/day |
Age, BMI, agility, eat pander, eat fish, active persons, take calcium supplements |
| Jha RM
[22] |
1999 |
Case–control |
Southern Europe |
50-100 |
Male |
Hip fracture 730 |
1,862 |
4 categories, never, sometimes, 1–2 cups/day, ≥ 3 cups/day |
Age, center and BMI |
| Kanis J
[23] |
2013 |
Case–control |
China |
71 ± 7 |
M:F 148:433 |
Hip fracture femoral neck fractures 396, intertrochanteric fractures 185 |
581 |
2 categories, No drinking, drinking |
NA |
| Zeng FF
[24] |
2011 |
Cohort |
China |
>90 |
M:F 226:467 |
Osteoporotic fracture 72 |
703 |
2 categories, Former drinking, current drinking |
Age, gender, sleep habits educational levels, religion habits and temperament |
| Tomata Y
[25] |
2012 |
Cohort |
Japan |
>65 |
M:F 6176:7812 |
Hip fracture 55 |
13,988 |
4 categories, 1 cup/day 1–2 cups/day |
NA |
| |
3–4 cups/day |
|
|||||||
| 5 cups/day | |||||||||
M: male; F: female; BMI: body mass index; NA: not available.