Table 4.
Results of reported thoracoscopic splanchnicectomy.
| Author | Operation time (min) | Complications | Assessment of pain | Pain scores before/after surgery | Patients free of opioids (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Worsey et al. [15] | 80 | NR | NR | Pain free (after 1 month) | NR |
|
| |||||
| Cuschieri et al. [20] | NR | None | NR | NR | NR |
|
| |||||
| Lin et al. [21] | NR | Transient hypotension (n = 3) | NR | NR | 85.7 |
|
| |||||
| Takahashi et al. [22] | 87 | Transient hypotension (n = 1) | NR | NR | 100 |
|
| |||||
| Lonroth et al. [23] | <60 | Pneumonia (n = 1), transient intercostal neuralgia (n = 2) | Visual analog scale | 8.6/1.8 (immediately after)/3.7 (after 3 months) | 33 (after 3 months) |
|
| |||||
| Le Pimpec Barthes et al. [24] | NR | Intermittent diarrhea (n = 2) | NR | NR | 80 |
|
| |||||
| Ihse et al. [25] | NR | Bleeding (n = 4) | Visual analog scale | 8/3 (after 1 week) | >50 |
|
| |||||
| Giraudo et al. [26] | Unilateral, 63; bilateral, 86 | Pneumothorax (n = 1), cholangitis (n = 1) | NR | NR | 83.3 (after mean 4 months) |
|
| |||||
| Pietrabissa et al. [27] | 25 ± 9 | Pneumothorax (n = 1), transient intercostal neuralgia (common) | Visual analog scale | 7.4 ± 1.7/0.6 ± 1.0 (after 1 day) | 95 (after 3 months) |
|
| |||||
| Saenz et al. [28] | Unilateral, 58 ± 22; bilateral, 93.5 ± 15.6 | Intercostal neuralgia (n = 4), persistent plural effusion (n = 1), pneumothorax (n = 1) | Visual analog scale | 8.5/3 (after 30 day) | 84 (after 4 days) |
|
| |||||
| Leksowski [29] | NR | Transient intercostal neuralgia (n = 4) | Numeric rating scale | Worst pain; 8.54/ 1.77 (after 7 days)/ 1.59 (1 month)/ 1.85 (2 months)/ 2.00 (3 months)/ 1.93 (4 months)/ 2.25 (5 months)/ 2.80 (6 months) |
100 (until death) |
|
| |||||
| Krishna et al. [6] | NR | NR | Numeric rating scale | Worst pain; 9/3 (after 3 days) | 0 (after 2 weeks) |
|
| |||||
| Lang-Lazdunski et al. [30] | <60 | None | Visual analog scale | NR/5 (after 6 weeks) | 0 (after 6 weeks) |
|
| |||||
| Stefaniak et al. [31] | NR | Transient intercostal neuralgia (n = 1) | Visual analog scale | Effect size; 11.27 (after 2 and 8 weeks) | 46.1% down of opioid consumption (after 8 weeks) |
|
| |||||
| Kang et al. [32] | 95 | None | Numeric rating scale | 8.52 ± 1.08/1.71 ± 1.10 (after 7 days) | 52.4 ( after 7 days) |
|
| |||||
| Katri et al. [33] | 31 ± 12 | Intercostal neuralgia (n = 2), transient pleural effusion (n = 1) | Visual analog scale | 8.08 ± 1/0.58 ± 0.79 (1 day)/1.08 ± 0.8 (after 1 month) | 91.7 |
|
| |||||
| Johnson et al. [4] | NR | Wound infection (n = 1), intraoperative bleeding from diaphragm (n = 1) | Brief pain, inventory pain score | Worst pain; 6.11 ± 3.05/5.07 ± 2.76 (after 2 weeks)/5.00 ± 3.03 (2 months) | 25 (after 2 months) |
|
| |||||
| Prasad et al. [34] | NR | NR | Visual analog scale | 8/2 (immediate postoperative period) | NR |
|
| |||||
| Śmigielski et al. [35] | 32 ± 18 | Pneumothorax (n = 2) | Visual analog scale | 5.66/2.33 (after 7 days)/1.78(30 days) | NR |
|
| |||||
| Tavassoli et al. [36] | NR | Pneumothorax (n = 1) | Visual analog scale | 8.2 ± 1.2/1.4 ± 1 (after 1 day)/1.7 ± 1.5 (1 week)/2.9 ± 1.2 (1 month)/4 ± 0.9 (3 months) | 75 |