Table 3. Pharmacokinetic Profile of Carbamoylnicotinamide 8^a.

	1 mg/kg iv
PPBb (%) rat	CLc (L/h/kg)	Vdssc (L/kg)	T1/2c (h)	AUC0→48 hc (ng h/mL)	AUC0→48 hd (ng h/mL) 3 mg/kg po	Fe (%)	AUC0→48 hf (ng h/mL) 100 mg/kg po
95	0.25	6.3	19	3400	13000	140	350000

^aIn vivo experiments were conducted using male Sprague–Dawley rats (N = 3/group).

^bPercent rat plasma protein binding (PPB) of 8 measured in vitro following separation by ultracentrifugation.

^cClearance (CL), volume of distribution (V_dss), half-life (T_1/2), and area under the plasma concentration–time curve (AUC_0→48 h) determined following a single intravenous dose (1 mg/kg; vehicle = DMSO).

^dAUC_0→48 h determined following a single oral dose (3 mg/kg; vehicle = 20% HPBCD, 1% HPMC, and 1% pluronic F68, pH 2.1, with MSA).

^ePercent bioavailability (F) calculated using AUC_0→∞ values determined from the 1 (iv) and 3 mg/kg (po) doses.

^fAUC_0→48 h determined following a single oral dose (100 mg/kg; vehicle = 20% HPBCD, 1% HPMC, and 1% pluronic F68, pH 2.1, with MSA).