Table 2. Multivariable adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence interval) for documentation of AKI during the hospital course according to patient characteristics. Peak and nadir lab values reflect those that occurred during the AKI episode.
| Odds ratio for documentation (95% CI) | p-value | |
|---|---|---|
| Demographics | ||
| Male | 0.79 (0.69 – 0.91) | 0.001 |
| Race | ||
| Black | 0.81 (0.70 – 0.94) | 0.004 |
| Service | ||
| Surgical | 0.64 (0.56 – 0.73) | < 0.001 |
| Hospital course | ||
| Length of stay, per day | 1.01 (1.00 – 1.02) | 0.003 |
| Length of stay prior to AKI onset, per day | 1.00 (0.99 – 1.01) | 0.83 |
| Duration of AKI, per day | 1.03 (1.02 – 1.04) | < 0.001 |
| ICU stay, per day | 0.99 (0.98 – 1.00) | 0.03 |
| Comorbidities | ||
| Diabetes mellitus | 1.18 (1.02 – 1.35) | 0.02 |
| Malignancy | 1.30 (1.07 – 1.58) | 0.008 |
| Congestive heart failure | 0.98 (0.85 – 1.13) | 0.77 |
| Liver disease | 1.24 (1.03 – 1.49) | 0.03 |
| Peptic ulcer disease | 1.21 (0.79 – 1.85) | 0.39 |
| Pulmonary disease | 0.75 (0.63 – 0.90) | 0.002 |
| Creatinine kinetics | ||
| Baseline creatinine, per mg/dl | 4.44 (3.13 – 6.28) | < 0.001 |
| Time from onset to doubling, per day | 0.94 (0.91 – 0.96) | < 0.001 |
| Peak creatinine, per mg/dl | 1.89 (1.72 – 2.09) | < 0.001 |
| Other labs | ||
| Nadir bicarbonate, per meq/l | 0.98 (0.97 – 1.00) | 0.04 |
| Peak potassium, per meq/l | 0.88 (0.81 – 0.96) | 0.002 |
| Peak BUN, per 10 mg/dl | 1.03 (1.00 – 1.06) | 0.03 |
| Peak WBC Count, per thousand/ul | 1.00 (1.00 – 1.00) | 0.47 |
| Nadir hemoglobin, per mg/dl | 0.98 (0.94 – 1.02) | 0.38 |
| Nadir sodium, per meq/l | 0.98 (0.97 – 1.00) | 0.01 |
| Acuity of illness | ||
| Peak SOFA score, per point | 1.06 (1.03 – 1.08) | < 0.001 |
| Year of admission | ||
| Years after 2004, per year | 1.20 (1.17 – 1.25) | < 0.001 |
ICU = intensive care unit; BUN = blood urea nitrogen; WBC = white blood cell; SOFA = sequential organ failure assessment.