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. 2014 May 6;8:155. doi: 10.3389/fnbeh.2014.00155

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Copyright © 2014 Ilango, Kesner, Broker, Wang and Ikemoto.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Self-stimulation behavior with phasic excitation of DA neurons during acquisition and extinction. (A) Mean rates of active- and inactive-lever presses and presses of individual mice (black dots) during acquisition. Active-lever values in sessions 3–7 were significantly greater than those of session 1 or 2 (Ps < 0.0005). (B) The cumulative presses of a representative mouse that responded at the rate of 243 per 5 min in session 7. When the cumulative lever-press count reaches 250, the count is reset at 0, and the angle of the cumulative-lever-press line indicates the rate of lever-press. Slashes indicate reinforcement incidents. (C) Rapid decrease in pressing during extinction. The data are mean with s.e.m. ^*P < 0.0005, value significantly lower than that of block 1 or 5.