(A and B) Human resistin was measured in the culture medium of LPS-treated peripheral human neutrophils or differentiated HL-60 cells. (A) Neutrophils were incubated with indicated concentrations of LPS for 4 hours (Means ± SD, n = 3, *** P < 0.001). (B) HL-60 leukocytes were differentiated into the surrogate PMNs using 1.3% DMSO treatment over 5 days. Resistin in the culture medium of HL-60 cells was determined after exposure to LPS for 24 hours (Means ± SEM, n = 4, ** P < 0.01). Panel (C) shows amount of human resistin in plasma of normal (control), ARDS and septic patients (Means, n = 7-13, * P < 0.05, *** P < 0.001). (D) Human resistin was measured in the media of bone marrow neutrophils and peritoneal macrophages cultured in serum free conditions for 4 hours. Resistin was also measured in the serum of murine resistin deficient (hRTN−/−/−) and humanized resistin mice (hRTN+/−/−). Mean ± SD, n = 3, *** P < 0.001.