TABLE 1.
Sociodemographic, dietary, and morbidity characteristics of children in rural Nepal (n = 1000)1
| Category | Values |
| Demographic | |
| Age, y | 7.5 ± 0.4 |
| Sex: male | 51.1 (48.0, 54.2) |
| Education | |
| Ever in school | 69.7 (66.9, 72.5) |
| Literate | 16.9 (14.6, 19.2) |
| Religion/caste | |
| Hindu-Brahmin | 8.0 (6.3, 9.7) |
| Hindu-Chettri | 6.6 (5.1, 8.3) |
| Hindu-Vaishya | 66.4 (63.4, 69.3) |
| Hindu-Shudra | 11.9 (10.0, 14.1) |
| Muslim | 6.4 (5.1, 8.1) |
| Other (Christian/Buddhist) | 0.7 (0.2, 1.2) |
| Ethnicity | |
| Pahadi | 33.0 (30.1, 35.9) |
| Madheshi | 67.0 (64.1, 69.9) |
| Economic | |
| Electricity in home | 50.2 (47.1, 53.3) |
| Land ownership | 79.1 (76.6, 81.5) |
| Wood or cement walls in homes | 20.0 (17.5, 22.5) |
| Anthropometry | |
| Weight, kg | 18.3 ± 2.4 |
| Height, cm | 113.9 ± 5.6 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 14.0 ± 1.0 |
| Weight-for-age Z-score | −2.0 ± 0.9 |
| Height-for-age Z-score | −1.8 ± 0.9 |
| BMI-for-age Z-score | −1.2 ± 0.8 |
| Underweight2 | 48.2 (45.1, 51.3) |
| Stunted2 | 42.0 (38.9, 45.1) |
| Thin2 | 16.1 (13.8, 18.4) |
| Dietary intake, reported as consumed ≥2 times in the last 7 d | |
| Dairy | 67.9 (65.0, 70.8) |
| Meat | 19.3 (16.9, 21.7) |
| Fish | 18.4 (16.0, 20.8) |
| Eggs | 6.1 (4.6, 7.6) |
| Dark green leafy vegetables | 57.1 (54.0, 60.2) |
| Morbidity, symptoms reported in the last 7 d | |
| Fever | 8.3 (6.6, 10.0) |
| Diarrhea | 2.7 (1.7, 3.7) |
| Productive cough | 4.0 (2.8, 5.2) |
| Rapid breathing | 3.2 (2.1, 4.3) |
| Any of the above symptoms | 14.6 (12.4, 16.8) |
| Infection/inflammation | |
| CRP >5 mg/L only | 0.6 (0.1, 1.1) |
| CRP >5 mg/L and AGP >1.0 g/L | 5.8 (4.4, 7.2) |
| AGP >1.0 g/L only | 25.2 (22.5, 27.9) |
| Any inflammation | 31.6 (28.7, 34.5) |
1
Values are means ± SDs or percentages (95% CIs). AGP, α-1 acid glycoprotein; CRP, C-reactive protein.
2
Underweight, weight-for-age Z-score: <−2; stunted, height-for-age Z-score: <−2; thin, BMI-for-age Z-score: <−2 (28).