Table 2.
Prevalence of wheeze ever amongst the participants (Tembisa and Kempton Park combined) along with crude and adjusted odd ratios
| Variable | Total a | Prevalence (%) | Crude OR (95% CI) b | p | Adjusted OR (95% CI) b,c | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Sex of child |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Female |
1790 |
35.1 |
1 |
|
1 |
|
| Male |
1634 |
27.7 |
0.7 (0.61-0.81) |
0.000 |
0.69 (0.58-0.82) |
0.000 |
|
Residential area |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Kempton Park |
1117 |
37.1 |
1 |
|
1 |
|
| Tembisa |
2301 |
28.9 |
0.69 (0.59-0.80) |
0.000 |
0.62 (0.51-0.76) |
0.000 |
|
Vigorous physical activity per week |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Never or occasionally |
984 |
23.3 |
1 |
|
1 |
|
| Once or twice per week |
1417 |
35.9 |
1.84 (1.53-2.22) |
0.000 |
1.66 (1.34-2.07) |
0.000 |
| Three or more times a week |
983 |
33.8 |
1.68 (1.37-2.05) |
0.000 |
1.39 (1.10-1.77) |
0.006 |
|
Residential heating fuel type most frequently used |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Electricity |
2041 |
30.0 |
1 |
|
1 |
|
| Gas |
426 |
39.2 |
1.50 (1.21-1.86) |
0.000 |
1.47 (1.15-1.88) |
0.002 |
| Paraffin |
631 |
31.8 |
1.06 (0.88-1.29) |
0.508 |
0.06 (0.83-1.37) |
0.597 |
| Open fires (wood, coal) |
270 |
33.3 |
1.16 (0.89-1.52) |
0.261 |
1.16 (0.83-1.62) |
0.360 |
|
Frequency of trucks passing near homes on weekdays |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Never |
563 |
28.2 |
1 |
|
1 |
|
| Seldom |
1033 |
33.3 |
1.26 (1.01-1.58) |
0.038 |
1.10 (0.84-1.44) |
0.351 |
| Frequently through the day |
580 |
28.4 |
1.01 (0.78-1.30) |
0.938 |
0.89 (0.65-1.23) |
0.539 |
| Almost all day |
1212 |
33.5 |
1.27 (1.02-1.59) |
0.020 |
1.32 (1.01-1.73) |
0.035 |
|
ETS exposure at school in the past 30 days |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| No |
1452 |
29.0 |
1 |
|
1 |
|
| Yes | 1177 | 34.5 | 1.20 (0.08-1.50) | 0.004 | 1.22 (1.03-1.45) | 0.020 |
aTotals for each risk factor are different due to difference in missing value.
bValues that are statistically significant at less than 0.02 for the crude OR and less than 0.05 for the adjusted OR are in bold font.
cModel adjusted for all the variables in this table.