Z-VAD-FMK |
R&D Systems |
Apoptosis (pan-caspases) |
Cell permeative, irreversibly binds to caspases' catalytic sites; caspase inactivation might cause a shift toward necrosis |
50 nM–100 μM |
10 μM |
3-MA |
Sigma |
Autophagy |
Cell-permeating autophagic sequestration blocker; class III phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor |
5–10 mM |
1 mM |
Ac-LVK-CHO |
Calbiochem |
Cathepsin B |
Water-soluble cathepsin B inhibitor |
10–50 nM |
50 nM |
CA-074 Me |
Sigma |
Cathepsin B |
Cell-permeating, irreversible, selective cathepsin B inhibitor; activity depends on intracellular esterases |
1–10 μM |
1 μM |
Z-FL-COCHO |
Calbiochem |
Cathepsin S |
Slow, tight-binding, reversible inhibitor of cathepsin S |
1–2 nM |
1 μM |
IM-54 |
Calbiochem |
Oxidative stress-induced necrosis |
Cell-permeating selective inhibitor of H2O2-induced necrosis; does not display antioxidant properties |
1–10 μM |
10 μM |
Necrostatin-1 |
Sigma |
Necroptosis (RIP1 kinase) |
Inhibits RIP1 kinase and nonapoptotic cell death; inhibits MMP in TNF-α-treated Jurkat cells |
20–300 μM |
20 μM |