FIG 6.

Cytokine and chemokine release of unstimulated and stimulated vitamin D-sufficient and vitamin D-deficient microglial cells. IL-6 (circles), TNF-α (triangles), and CXCL1 (squares) concentrations in the supernatants of microglial cell cultures after 24 h of stimulation with Pam₃CSK₄ (P3C), poly(I·C), LPS, and CpG are shown. Stimulation of vitamin D-deficient microglia by TLR agonists induced decreased TNF-α and IL-6 release compared to that of vitamin D-sufficient microglia but no differences in CXCL1 release. Data are given as median and interquartile ranges (25% and 75%). Data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni's correction for multiple comparisons. Filled black symbols, vitamin D-sufficient microglial cells; open grey symbols, vitamin D-deficient microglial cells. *, P < 0.05.