17β-Estradiol, PPT, and 17β-E2–BSA enhancement of BK-induced thermal allodynia is blocked by the ER antagonist ICI 182780. Separate groups of OVX animals received intraplantar injections of the nonselective ER antagonist ICI 182780 (ICI; 1 µg) or vehicle (Veh; 0.1% EtOH) 15 minutes prior to injection with 17β-E2 (100 ng), PPT (2 ng), or 17β-E2–BSA (30 µg). Fifteen minutes later, animals received intraplantar injections of BK (1 µg). PWL was measured in duplicate at 5-minute intervals before (baseline) and after each injection. Data are expressed as the change from individual preinjection baselines and represent the mean ± S.E.M. of four to six animals per group. ***P < 0.001 respective Veh versus ICI by two-way ANOVA with Bonferroni post-hoc analysis. BL, baseline.