Table 3.

Bivariate Predictors of Prescription Opioid Medication Use among Borderline Patients

	Odds Ratio	95%CI	Z-score	P-value
Baseline history of alcohol abuse/ dependence	1.43	0.94–2.17	1.66	0.098
Baseline history of drug abuse/ dependence	1.95	1.28–2.97	3.09	0.002
Family history of substance abuse	1.96	1.18–3.27	2.58	0.010
Cancer	1.73	1.05–2.83	2.17	0.030
Back pain	2.35	1.74–3.18	5.54	<0.001
Osteoarthritis	4.07	2.63–6.29	6.31	<0.001
Fibromyalgia	4.83	2.63–8.87	5.08	<0.001