Table 2.
Protein kinetics, plasma metabolites, and insulin sensitivity in lower-body obese vs. upper-body obese women fed a mixed meal
| Fasting | Postprandial | p (ANOVA) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LBO | UBO | p between groups | LBO | UBO | p between groups | group | timepoint | group × timepoint | |
| Leg protein metabolism | |||||||||
| Leg Ra Phe [μmol/kg leg FFM/min] | 0.31±0.13 | 0.26±0.05 | 0.24±0.08 | 0.20±0.06 | 0.301 | 0.059 | 0.796 | ||
| Leg Rd Phe [μmol/kg leg FFM/min] | 0.21±0.11 | 0.20±0.04 | 0.24±0.08 | 0.20±0.08 | 0.640 | 0.569 | 0.655 | ||
| Leg NB Phe [μmol/kg leg FFM/min] | −0.11±0.04 | −0.06±0.04 | −0.00±0.05 | 0.00±0.03 | 0.156 | <0.001 | 0.240 | ||
| Whole body protein metabolism | |||||||||
| Endo Ra Phe [μmol/kg FFM/h] | 61.6±11.3 | 52.2±8.2 | 46.8±12.1 | 41.8±7.5 | 0.219 | <0.001 | 0.059 | ||
| QPT [μmol/kg FFM/h] | 7.6±0.9 | 6.5±2.4 | 9.5±2.4 | 7.7±1.3 | 0.124 | 0.012 | 0.486 | ||
| Rd Phe [μmol/kg FFM/h] | 54.0±11.2 | 45.7±6.1 | 67.0±12.7 | 56.5±9.8 | 0.130 | <0.001 | 0.291 | ||
| NB [μmol/kg FFM/h] | −7.6±0.9 | −6.5±2.4 | 1.000 | 20.2±3.7 | 14.8±3.7 | 0.017 | 0.077 | <0.001 | 0.018 |
| Metabolites & insulin sensitivity | |||||||||
| Plasma Leu [μmol/L] | 104.0±26.5 | 103.4±15.2 | 119.4±24.5 | 125.1±24.0 | 0.834 | 0.003 | 0.542 | ||
| Plasma Phe [μmol/L] | 48.6±6.0 | 49.4±2.0 | 66.9±7.1 | 64.0±3.9 | 0.718 | <0.001 | 0.060 | ||
| Plasma glucose [mmol/L] | 5.1±0.3 | 5.3±0.3 | 6.7±0.4 | 6.5±0.6 | 0.940 | <0.001 | 0.193 | ||
| Plasma insulin [pmol/L] | 46±13 | 95±26 | 290±107 | 493±171 | 0.013 | <0.001 | 0.052 | ||
| Relative change plasma insulin [%] | 529±146 | 436±152 | 0.290 | ||||||
| Quicki index | 0.36±0.02 | 0.32±0.01 | 0.005 | ||||||
| Plasma FFA [μmol/L] | 629±92 | 777±103 | 74±36 | 252±116 | 0.003 | <0.001 | 0.605 | ||
| Relative change plasma FFA [%] | −88±5 | −68±13 | 0.002 | ||||||
Data denote mean±SD. LBO n=7, UBO n=6, UBO n=5 for leg data. P values by repeated measures ANOVA; for between-group comparisons by post-hoc analysis of ANOVA results with Bonferroni correction; for relative change in plasma insulin and plasma FFA by t-test for independent samples; for Quicki index by Mann-Whitney U test.
Endo Ra, endogenous rate of appearance; FFA, free fatty acids; FFM, fat-free mass; LBO, lower-body obese; Leu, leucine;Phe, phenylalanine; QPT, rate of conversion of phenylalanine to tyrosine; Ra, rate of appearance; Rd, rate of disappearance; UBO, upper-body obese.