Table 2.
Effect of beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate free acid (HMB-FA) supplementation on muscle strength and power during the overreaching phase, weeks 8, 9, and 10, of a 12-week resistance-training regimen
| Week of study | p valuea | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 8 | 9 | 10 | ||
| Total strengthb (kg) | ||||
| Placebo | 467.8 ± 11.9 | 443.6 ± 11.9 | 447.6 ± 11.9 | |
| HMB-FA | 469.4 ± 11.9 | 464.5 ± 11.9# | 467.3 ± 11.9# | 0.01 |
| Squat (kg) | ||||
| Placebo | 159.2 ± 4.8 | 152.6 ± 4.8 | 150.6 ± 4.8 | |
| HMB-FA | 159.3 ± 4.8 | 158.3 ± 4.8# | 162.6 ± 4.8# | 0.0001 |
| Bench press (kg) | ||||
| Placebo | 121.4 ± 4.7 | 113.5 ± 4.7 | 115.6 ± 4.7 | |
| HMB-FA | 121.4 ± 4.7 | 120.3 ± 4.7# | 120.1 ± 4.7# | 0.05 |
| Deadlift (kg) | ||||
| Placebo | 187.2 ± 6.9 | 177.3 ± 6.9 | 181.4 ± 6.9 | |
| HMB-FA | 188.8 ± 6.9 | 185.9 ± 6.9 | 184.7 ± 6.9 | 0.26 |
| Wingate peak power (W) | ||||
| Placebo | 983.9 ± 38.8 | 917.5 ± 38.8 | 939.5 ± 38.8 | |
| HMB-FA | 977.6 ± 38.8 | 965.4 ± 38.8# | 972.7 ± 38.8# | 0.04 |
| Vertical jump power (W) | ||||
| Placebo | 5,949 ± 57.5 | 5,723 ± 57.5 | 5,656 ± 57.5 | |
| HMB-FA | 5,949 ± 57.5 | 5,867 ± 57.5# | 5,870 ± 57.5# | 0.0001 |
Adjusted least square mean ± SD for n = 11 HMB (3 g HMB-FA/d in three 1 g doses) and n = 9 placebo-supplemented participants
aProbability of treatment by time difference between the placebo and the HMB-FA treatments over weeks 8, 9, and 10, the overreaching portion of the 12-week study. The mixed model in SAS was used with the main effects of treatment, week and treatment by week, with the value for week 8 as a covariate
bTotal strength as the sum of the 1-RM in bench press, squat, and deadlift
#Significantly different than corresponding placebo, t test (p < 0.05)