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. 2014 May 7;8:153. doi: 10.3389/fnbeh.2014.00153

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Copyright © 2014 Marotta, Fenu, Scheggi, Vinci, Rosas, Falqui, Gambarana, De Montis and Acquas.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Expression (Expr1) (A): Effect of CTA expression on % changes of p-ERK-positive neurons/area in the PFCx (superficial and deep layers) and Acb (shell and core). Data, average + s.e.m., are expressed as % changes with respect to the effect in control group (CS⁺-US⁻) set as 100%. Lithium chloride (LiCl, 125 mg/kg i.p., US⁺) or saline (i.p., US⁻) were administered on the last training day 1 h after the drinking session. Rats were sacrificed 30 min after the beginning of the expression test. ^*Indicates significant differences (p < 0.05) of % changes of p-ERK-positive neurons with respect to controls (CS⁺-US⁻) (One-Way ANOVA followed by LSD post-hoc test) (n = 4 in each group); (B): timeline schedule of Expr1 experiment.