Fig. 3.
Abundance of virulence-inducing metabolites in Arabidopsis exudates is genetically regulated by MKP1 and MPK6. (A) Identification of metabolites present in WT, mkp1, and mkp1 mpk6 exudates by GC-MS. Three biological replicates were analyzed with technical replicates for each. All metabolites shown were significantly decreased in mkp1 versus WT exudates by pairwise t tests; P < 0.05. Metabolites in bold were significantly different in mkp1 and mkp1 mpk6 exudates; P < 0.05. Graphed data are means + SE of log2-transformed peak area values for mutant/WT; n = 6. (B) DC3000 was incubated with 200 μM of individual metabolites in minimal medium plus 50 mM fructose. (Upper) Immunoblot of AvrPto in bacteria 4 h posttreatment. (Lower) Coomassie Brilliant Blue (CBB) staining to confirm equal loading. gba, 4-guanidinobutyric acid; ggl, glucosylglycerol; pga, pyroglutamic acid; 4-hba, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid; tea, triethanolamine.