Table 2.
Demographic, clinical, and biochemical parameters of the study subjects of subgroups with/without depression in T2Da and Ctrlb groups.
| T2D | Ctrl | F | P | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| D+ | D− | D+ | D− | |||
| n = 17 | n = 54 | n = 6 | n = 46 | |||
| Age (yrs) | 54.71 ± 8.10 | 54.83 ± 8.58 | 55.33 ± 6.56 | 51.22 ± 8.32 | 1.823 | 0.147 |
| Male [(n(%)] | 10 (58.82) | 24 (44.44) | 3 (50.00) | 19 (41.30) | — | 0.656 |
| Current smokers [(n(%)] | 5 (29.41) | 16 (29.63) | 2 (33.33) | 12 (26.09) | — | 0.971 |
| Current drinkers [(n(%)] | 2 (11.76) | 11 (20.37) | 1 (16.67) | 7 (15.22) | — | 0.834 |
| Use of aspirin [(n(%)] | 1 (5.88) | 7 (12.96) | 0 (0.00) | 4 (8.70) | — | 0.653 |
| Use of statin [(n(%)] | 3 (17.65) | 4 (7.41) | 1 (16.67) | 3 (6.52) | — | 0.474 |
| Use of antihypertensive drugs [(n(%)] | 3 (17.64)# | 3 (5.56)# | 0 (0.00) | 5 (10.87) | — | 0.00 |
| HADS-D (point) | 12 (10, 12)∗⊙ | 7 (6, 8)# | 12 (10, 12)* | 7 (6, 8) | — | 0.000 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 24.96 ± 1.93* | 25.29 ± 2.28* | 24.00 ± 2.32* | 23.84 ± 1.36 | 5.033 | 0.003 |
| Waist circumstance (cm) | 87 (80, 91)* | 88 (82, 94)* | 81 (77, 87) | 82 (78, 86) | — | 0.000 |
| WHR | 0.82 (0.74, 0.88) |
0.85 (0.79, 0.90)* |
0.82 (0.75, 0.86) |
0.80 (0.74, 0.84) |
— | 0.006 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 134 (120, 141) | 131 (120, 141) | 128 (123, 130) | 126 (123, 130) | — | 0.171 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 79 (70, 84) | 82 (75, 89)* | 78 (72, 85) | 74 (68, 131) | — | 0.004 |
| HbA1c (%) | 8.4 (8, 9.1)∗# | 8.2 (7.5, 8.7)∗# | 5.3 (5.2, 5.5) | 5.1 (4.7, 5.4) | — | 0.000 |
| FPG (mmol/L) | 9.42 ± 1.66∗# | 8.50 ± 1.23∗# | 5.42 ± 0.28 | 5.44 ± 0.36 | 101.427 | 0.000 |
| FIN (mIU/L) | 12.55 (6.69, 15.02) |
11.09 (6.99, 13.19) |
12.95 (9.57, 16.40) |
12.00 (7.74, 13.23) |
— | 0.617 |
| HOMA-IR | 5.54 (3.24, 6.25)* |
4.19 (2.58, 5.02)* |
3.09 (2.26, 3.70) |
2.91 (2.00, 3.23) |
— | 0.000 |
| Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | 4.57 ± 1.03∗# | 4.73 ± 0.87∗# | 4.03 ± 0.26 | 4.06 ± 0.57 | 6.821 | 0.000 |
| Triglyceride (mmol/L) HDL-cholesterol (mmol/L) |
1.89 (1.34, 1.88)* |
1.91 (1.08, 2.36)* |
1.74 (1.18, 2.13) |
1.23 (0.85, 1.55) |
— | 0.001 |
| 1.15 ± 0.26 | 1.14 ± 0.23 | 1.20 ± 0.40 | 1.26 ± 0.25 | 1.841 | 0.143 | |
| LDL-cholesterol (mmol/L) | 2.39 ± 0.92 | 2.50 ± 0.74 | 2.10 ± 0.81 | 2.22 ± 0.66 | 1.458 | 0.229 |
| 8-OHdG (ng/mL) | 1.80 ± 0.42* | 1.48 ± 0.44* | 1.53 ± 0.26 | 1.09 ± 0.34 | 15.722 | 0.000 |
| T/S ratio | 1.70 (1.36, 2.06)∗⊙ |
2.11 (1.82, 2.42)* |
2.01 (1.91, 2.13)* |
2.32 (2.14, 2.47) |
— | 0.000 |
Data are means ± SD, n (%), or median (interquartile range).
T2D: type 2 diabetic group, Ctrl: control group, HADS-D: Depression Subscale of Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, BMI: body mass index, WHR: waist-to-hip ratio, FPG: fasting plasma glucose, FIN: fasting insulin, HOMA-IR: homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance [HOMA - IR = FIN (mIU/L) × FPG (mmol/L)/22.5], 8-OHdG: Human 8-Hydroxy-desoxyguanosine.
asubgroup with/without depression in T2D is shown as T2D(D+)/T2D(D−), respectively,
bsubgroup with/without depression in Ctrl group is shown as Ctrl(D+)/Ctrl(D−), respectively.
*P < 0.05 for T2D(D+)/T2D(D−)/Ctrl(D+) versus Ctrl(D−).
# P < 0.05 for T2D(D+)/T2D(D−) versus Ctrl(D+).
⊙ P < 0.05 for T2D(D+) versus T2D(D−).