Table 2.

IVF and ovarian cancer (Cohort studies)

Study	Treatments	Population	Results
Venn et al.[44] 1995	IVF	29666 women, 3 cancers in exposed, 3 cancers in unexposed	SIR in exposed = 1.7 (CI 95%: 0.55-5.27) SIR in unexposed = 1.62 (95% CI: 0.52-5.02) RR exposed vs unexposed = 1,45 (95% CI: 0.28-7.55)
Venn et al.[45] 1999	IVF	29700 women, 7 ovarian cancers in exposed, 6 in unexposed	SIR in exposed = 0,88 (95% CI: 0,42- 1.84) SIR in unexposed = 1.16 (95% CI: 0.52-2.59)
Dor et al.[47] 2002	IVF	Retrospective cohort of 5026 women, 1 ovarian cancer case	SIR in exposed = 0.57 (95% CI: 0.01-3.20)
Klip et al.[48] 2002	IVF	23592 women, 17 ovarian cancers	No differences in risk exposed vs unexposed Detailed information obtained through questionnaires and from medical records
Lerner Geva et al.[43] 2003	IVF	1082 women, 3 ovarian cancers	SIR in exposed = 5.0 (95% CI: 1.02-14.6) SIR = 1.67 (0.02-9.27) when cancers developing within 1 year were excluded No untreated group Registry match
Kallen et al.[46] 2011	IVF	24058 women, 26 ovarian cancers	RR exposed vs unexposed = 2.09 (95% CI: 1,39-3.12)
van Leeuwen et al.[49] 2011	IVF	19146 IVF women, 6006 subfertile women not treated with IVF	Risk of borderline ovarian tumours increased in the IVF group compared with the general population. SIR = 1.76 (95% CI: 1.16-2.56). The overall SIR for invasive ovarian cancer was not significantly elevated, but increased with longer follow-up after first IVF. SIR = 3.54 (95% CI: 1.62-6.72) after 15 years.
Yli-kuha et al.[50] 2013	IVF	9175 women, 9 invasive ovarian cancers, 4 borderline ovarian tumors	OR for invasive cancers = 2.57 (95% CI: 0.69-9.23) OR for borderline tumors = 1.68 (95% CI: 0.31-9.27)
Brinton et al.[51] 2013	IVF	87403 women, 45 ovarian cancers	Global HR =1.58 (95% CI: 0.75-3.29), HR among women receiving ≥ 4 IVF cycles =1.78 95% CI: 0.76-4.13).

Abbreviations:IVF = in vitro fertilization, SIR = standardized index ratio, CI = confidence interval, RR = relative risk, OR = odds ratio, HR = hazard ratio.