Table 2.
Bivariate analysis of women’s use of skilled attendants at birth, by selected characteristics (n = 407), Upper East Region, 2012
| Characteristics | Unadjusted odds ratio (95% confidence interval) |
|---|---|
|
Ethnicity |
|
| Kassena (r) |
1.00 |
| Nankana |
0.23 (0.13-0.46) |
| Frafra |
1.09 (0.52-2.27) |
| Other |
0.93 (0.10-8.35) |
|
Husband’s education |
|
| None (r) |
1.00 |
| Some formal education |
2.68 (1.57-4.58) |
|
Husband’s level of education |
|
| None (r) |
1.00 |
| Primary |
1.38 (0.47-3.99) |
| Middle/Junior High School |
1.83 (0.50-6.69) |
| Secondary/Senior High School |
2.40 (0.66-8.70) |
|
Woman’s education |
|
| None (r) |
1.00 |
| Some formal education |
1.78 (1.09-2.91) |
|
Woman’s level of education |
|
| None (r) |
1.00 |
| Primary |
1.46 (0.84-2.56) |
| Middle/Junior High School |
2.31 (1.07-4.96) |
| Secondary/Senior High School |
3.81 (0.48-30.1) |
|
Age group |
|
| 15-24 (r) |
1.00 |
| 25-29 |
0.62 (0.32-1.19) |
| 30-39 |
0.61 (0.33-1.11) |
| 40-49 |
0.90 (0.31-2.61) |
|
Employment status |
|
| No (r) |
1.00 |
| Yes |
0.49 (0.22-1.06) |
|
Type of employment |
|
| Housewife (r) |
1.00 |
| Farmer |
0.54 (0.28-1.04) |
| Trader |
1.49 (0.73-3.04) |
|
Marital status |
|
| Single |
0.85 (0.14-5.03) |
| Married |
0.82 (0.17-3.89) |
| Widowed (r) |
1.00 |
|
Religion |
|
| Traditional |
0.39 (0.14-1.08) |
| Christianity |
0.75 (0.28-2.04) |
| Islam (r) |
1.00 |
|
Distance (in minutes) |
|
| Less than 30 minutes (r) |
1.00 |
| More than 30 minutes |
1.01 (0.79-1.28) |
|
Number of children alive |
|
| 1 |
2.06 (1.04-4.06) |
| 2 |
1.15 (0.60-2.23) |
| 3 |
1.14 (0.60-2.15) |
| 4 or more (r) | 1.00 |
Notes: Bolded values are significant at p < 0.05; r – reference category.