Table 1.
Reported values for annual growth rates (in cm year−1) of adult and juvenile hawksbill turtles grouped by size classes (10 cm carapace length increments) from the Caribbean Sea and Pacific Ocean, sample size (n) shown in brackets.
| Life stage | Location | 20–30 cm | 30–40 cm | 40–50 cm | 50–60 cm | 60–70 cm | >70 cm | Method | Interval (days) | Measurement type (cm) | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Atlantic & Caribbean | |||||||||||
| Adult & Juvenile | USA | – | – | 4.49 (3) | 3.42 (8) | 2.34 (10) | 1.68 (3) | Mean | 365 | SCLn-t | Wood et al. (2013) |
| Adult & Juvenile | Bahamas | – | 15.60 (1) | 7.35 (15) | 5.21 (16) | 3.14 (5) | – | Mean | 337 | SCLn-t | Bjorndal and Bolten (2010)1 |
| Adult & Juvenile | Bahamas | – | 15.70 (1) | 5.90 (1) | – | 2.60 (3) | – | Mean | 0 | SCLn-n | Bjorndal and Bolten (1988)1 |
| Adult & Juvenile | Barbados | – | 3.28 | 1.84 | 0.88 | 0.43 | 0.13 | (–) | 330 | CCLn-t | Krueger et al. (2011)2 |
| Adult | Barbados | – | – | – | – | – | 0.40 (1274) | Mean | 365 | CCLn-t | Beggs et al. (2007) |
| Juvenile | Cayman Is. | 3.46 (3) | 3.09 (21) | 2.67 (10) | 1.93 (3) | – | – | Mean | 11 | SCLn-t | Blumenthal et al. (2009a) |
| Juvenile | Dominican Rep. | 5.26 (12) | 6.47 (10) | – | – | – | – | Initial | 45 | SCLn-t | Leon and Diez (1999) |
| Juvenile | Puerto Rico | 4.22 (99) | 4.49 (45) | 3.86 (29) | 3.02 (10) | 2.03 (5) | 0.97 (6) | Mean | 292 | SCLn-t | Diez and van Dam (2002)3 |
| Juvenile | USVI | – | 4.80 (3) | 3.30 (5) | 2.80 (3) | 2.60 (1) | – | Initial | 93 | SCLn-t | Boulon (1994) |
| Juvenile | BVI (Anegada) | 10.84 (20) | 8.91 (45) | 8.69 (16) | 6.14 (4) | – | – | Initial | 60 | CCLn-t | Present study |
| Pacific | |||||||||||
| Adult & Juvenile | Australia (GBR) | – | – | – | – | 1.67 | 1.25 | Mean | 337 | CCLn-t | Bell and Pike (2012)2 |
| Juvenile | Australia (GBR) | – | – | 1.29 | 1.90 | 1.83 | 0.96 | Mean | 337 | CCLn-t | Chaloupka and Limpus (1997)2,4 |
| Australia | – | – | 1.39 | 2.22 | 1.92 | 1.01 | Mean | 337 | CCLn-t | Limpus (1992)1 | |
| Adult & Juvenile | Japan | – | – | 2.20 | – | – | – | (–) | (–) | SCL* | Shima et al. (2004)2 |
| Adult & Juvenile | Hawaiian Is. | 3.80 (21) | 4.40 (22) | 5.16 (17) | 2.24 (11) | 2.24 (14) | 3.60 (18) | Mean | N/A | SCLn-t | Snover et al. (2013) |
| Juvenile | Western Samoa | 1.29 (6) | 1.88 (3) | 0.72 (8) | – | – | – | Mean | N/A | SCLn-t | Witzell (1980)5 |
Methodology used to relate growth rates to turtle size indicated as mean (mean of capture and recapture measurements) or initial (initial capture measurement only related to growth rate). Some studies did not detail which methodology was used. Minimum interval used to estimate growth rate (in days) and carapace measurement type (SCL, Straight Carapace Length; CCL, Curved Carapace Length, n-n, anterior notch to posterior notch; n-t, anterior notch to posterior tip) is also indicated.
Bjorndal and Bolten (2010) report a total of five hawksbill turtles, which are included in Bjorndal and Bolten (1988).
It was not possible to extract sample sizes for this study.
Grouped data for three sites.
Grouped data for males and females.
Turtles reared in captivity.
This study did not state whether SCL measurements were n-t or n-n.