Figure 3. TGF-β1 increases and caffeine decreases transgelin expression in lung epithelial cells.

A549 cells were incubated with TGF-β1 (A–C) or caffeine (D–F) in indicated concentrations and for various timepoints. Transgelin promoter (A+C), real-time PCR (B+E) and Western blot (C+F) analysis was performed. Means±SD of at least n = 3 independent experiments are shown. In C+F representative immunoblots of at least three independent experiments are shown. * p<0.05 compared to control cells.