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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Dec 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Invest Dermatol. 2013 Dec 10;134(6):1710–1717. doi: 10.1038/jid.2013.530

Figure 1. TLR4 deficiency promotes repair of CPD due to increase in XPA expression in mouse skin.

Figure 1

(a) Mice were exposed to acute UVB (90 mJ/cm2) radiation and thereafter sacrificed at 0-48 h. Skin samples were obtained and analyzed for CPD. Frozen sections (5 μm thick) were subjected to immunofluorescent staining to detect CPD+ cells that are green as mentioned in the Methods section. CPD were not detected in non-UV-exposed skin. (b) CPD+ cells were counted as a percentage of all epidermal cells in immunofluorescent stained tissue of TLR4-/- and TLR4+/+ mice. There were significantly fewer CPD at 24h and 48h post UV-exposure in the skin of TLR4-/- mice than in the UV-exposed skin of TLR4+/+ mice. (c) There was an increase in XPA mRNA expression with increasing time post UV exposure, as determined by quantitative real time PCR (qPCR) in the skin of TLR4-/- mice than in the UV-exposed skin of TLR4+/+ mice. (d, e) There was increased XPA protein expression with increase in time post UV exposure as determined by western blot analysis, and this increase was more prominent in the skin of TLR4-/- mice than in the UV-exposed skin of TLR4+/+ mice. Experiments were conducted and repeated separately in 5 animals in each group with identical results. Scale bar = 50 μm. The experiments were repeated twice with similar results. (*p<0.05, **p<0.01, and ***p<0.001).