Table 3.

Quality assessment of the studies

Reference	Response rate ≥ 60%	Verified whether respondents differed from non-respondents	Cases-to-predictors ratio > 15 for multivariate analyses
Asch & DeKay [20]	√		√
Back et al. [21]		√	N/A
Davis et al. [22]	NR		NR
DeKeyser Ganz & Musgrave [23]	NR		N/A
Doukas et al. [24]	√		N/A
Essinger [25]			N/A
Folker et al. [26]	√	√	NR
Inghelbrecht et al. [42]	√	√	N/A
Kinsella & Verhoef [27]	√	√	N/A
Kohart [28]			NR
Kuhse & Singer [29]			NR
Kuhse & Singer [30]			NR
Kunene & Zungu [31]	√		NR
Maitra et al. [32]			√
Matzo [33]	√	√	√
Meeusen et al. [43]	√		NR
Meier et al. [34]	√		√
Obstein et al. [44]	√		NR
Onwuteaka-Philipsen et al. [35]		√	√
Onwuteaka-Philipsen et al. [45]	√		NR
Oz [36]			N/A
Parker et al. [37]			N/A
Richardson [38]	√		N/A
Shapiro et al. [39]		√	√
Smets et al. [46]		√	√
Stevens & Hassan [40]	√		NR
Stevens & Hassan [41]			N/A

Note. N/A not applicable, NR not reported.

√ indicates a yes.