Skip to main content
. 2014 Apr 23;14:285. doi: 10.1186/1471-2407-14-285

Table 5.

Construct validity in the non-student sample

  Severity Personal responsibility Awkwardness Avoidance Policy opposition Financial discrimination
Sex
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Male
3.23
2.03
2.84
1.86
2.14
2.50
 Female
3.45
1.78
2.78
1.52
1.83
2.34
 t-test (p-value)
-1.77 (.077)
1.89 (.059)
0.47 (.643)
2.98 (.003)
2.59 (.010)
0.98 (.327)
Age
 
 
 
 
 
 
 16-34 years
3.42
2.17
3.18
1.83
2.30
2.65
 35-54 years
3.42
1.61
2.61
1.69
1.86
2.36
 55+ years
3.13
1.66
2.29
1.44
1.51
2.06
 Anova (p-value)
2.03 (.133)
8.45 (<.001)
17.18 (<.001)
4.16 (.017)
17.08 (<.001)
4.91 (.008)
Education*
 
 
 
 
 
 
 School level - low
3.55
1.72
2.68
1.56
1.67
2.42
 School level - high
3.32
1.92
2.78
1.65
2.00
2.32
 University level
3.17
2.07
3.01
1.82
2.33
2.55
 Anova (p-value)
2.61 (.076)
2.06 (.131)
1.60 (.204)
1.74 (.179)
8.72 (<.001)
0.63 (.532)
Ethnicity
 
 
 
 
 
 
 White
3.29
1.78
2.74
1.63
1.87
2.32
 Other
3.57
2.44
3.06
1.96
2.45
2.87
 t-test (p-value)
-1.79 (.075)
-3.40 (.001)
-1.81 (.071)
-2.34 (.020)
-3.79 (<.001)
-2.74 (.007)
Close friend or family member has had cancer
 
 
 
 
 
 
 No
3.53
1.93
3.12
1.85
2.14
2.66
 Yes
3.28
1.90
2.70
1.64
1.93
2.34
 t-test (p-value)
1.80 (.073)
0.18 (.858)
2.65 (.009)
1.64 (.103)
1.48 (.140)
1.69 (.093)
Social desirability
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Low score (0–5)
3.43
2.01
3.19
1.90
2.19
2.70
 High score (6–10)
3.28
1.82
2.51
1.53
1.82
2.20
 t-test (p-value) 1.17 (.242) 1.45 (.149) 5.11 (<.001) 3.21 (.002) 3.01 (.003) 3.12 (.002)

*Low school level = GCSEs as their highest qualification, High school level = A-levels or a qualification below degree.