Table 3.
Program effects assessed at 6 months [observed means (SD) and predicted means].
| Variables | Control group |
Intervention group |
||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline |
6-month follow-up |
Baseline |
6-month follow-up |
p | ||||||
| Observed mean score | Predicted mean score | Observed mean score | Predicted mean score | Observed mean score | Predicted mean score | Observed mean score | Predicted mean score | Program effect size | ||
| Fruit consumptiona | 2.18 (1.12) | 2.19 | 2.03 (1.47) | 2.12 | 2.07 (1.02) | 2.06 | 3.05 (1.50) | 3.09 | 0.50 | <0.0001a |
| Vegetable consumptiona | 3.74 (2.26) | 3.68 | 3.64 (1.81) | 3.56 | 3.53 (1.29) | 3.57 | 4.40 (1.52) | 4.46 | 0.30 | 0.004a |
| Fruit/vegetable consumptiona | 5.92 (3.07) | 5.87 | 5.67 (2.64) | 5.68 | 5.60 (1.94) | 5.61 | 7.48 (2.33) | 7.55 | 0.47 | <0.0001a |
| Fat consumption | −0.08 (0.39) | −0.04 | 0.14 (0.38) | 0.07 | 0.07 (0.43) | 0.04 | 0.35 (0.47) | 0.18 | 0.08 | 0.267 |
| Sleep qualitya | 0.03 (0.83) | 0.004 | −0.01 (0.80) | 0.02 | −0.02 (0.96) | −0.01 | 0.57 (0.88) | 0.29 | 0.32 | 0.0001a |
| Sleep quantitya | −0.09 (0.94) | −0.03 | −0.06 (0.85) | −0.02 | 0.08 (0.74) | 0.03 | 0.52 (0.92) | 0.26 | 0.26 | 0.004a |
| Karolinska Sleepiness Scale | 5.87 (0.83) | 5.92 | 5.42 (0.98) | 5.41 | 5.99 (0.84) | 5.95 | 5.68 (1.23) | 5.74 | 0.17 | 0.181 |
| Fatigue | −0.14 (0.70) | −0.06 | −0.13 (0.71) | −0.05 | 0.12 (0.70) | 0.07 | 0.26 (0.70) | 0.16 | 0.11 | 0.192 |
| SF-36: general healthb | 3.36 (0.26) | 3.59 | 3.39 (0.24) | 3.42 | 3.30 (0.26) | 3.55 | 3.47 (0.23) | 3.48 | 0.14 | 0.083 |
| Musculo-skeletal pain | 1.87 (0.07) | 1.86 | 1.85 (0.09) | 1.85 | 1.88 (0.07) | 1.88 | 1.86 (0.09) | 1.87 | 0.00 | 0.795 |
| Musculo-skeletal pain with foot pain | 1.87 (0.07) | 1.86 | 1.85 (0.09) | 1.85 | 1.88 (0.06) | 1.88 | 1.87 (0.09) | 1.87 | 0.00 | 0.932 |
| Stress selfa | 4.07 (0.63) | 4.05 | 4.11 (0.75) | 4.04 | 4.14 (0.64) | 4.12 | 4.37 (0.66) | 4.32 | 0.16 | 0.034a |
| Healthy eating selfa | −0.19 (0.74) | −0.08 | 0.22 (0.74) | 0.12 | 0.17 (0.79) | 0.08 | 0.82 (0.79) | 0.44 | 0.21 | 0.009a |
| Physical activity self | −0.10 (0.76) | −0.03 | 0.39 (0.99) | 0.21 | 0.08 (0.87) | 0.03 | 0.51 (0.90) | 0.30 | 0.04 | 0.641 |
| Burnout | 3.94 (0.67) | 3.94 | 3.99 (0.73) | 3.92 | 4.11 (0.57) | 4.12 | 4.05 (0.79) | 4.07 | −0.02 | 0.772 |
| Tobacco useb | 3.53 (0.41) | 3.52 | 3.56 (0.41) | 3.52 | 3.32 (0.57) | 3.29 | 3.38 (0.60) | 3.37 | 0.08 | 0.070 |
| Alcohol consumptionb | −0.02 (0.69) | −0.02 | 0.00 (0.79) | −0.02 | 0.02 (0.63) | 0.03 | 0.09 (0.90) | 0.08 | 0.07 | 0.105 |
| Depressionb | 4.92 (0.53) | 5.22 | 4.76 (0.69) | 5.09 | 4.99 (0.61) | 5.36 | 5.03 (0.80) | 5.40 | 0.14 | 0.093 |
a Indicates statistically significant program effect of group by time p < 0.05.
b Indicates marginally significant program effect of group by time p < 0.10.